I.%20The%20Haitian%20Revolution

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I. The Haitian Revolution
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A. Revolution in Haiti

• only successful slave revolt
• on the Island of Hispaniola
• Spanish colony Santo Domingo in east
• French colony of Saint-Domingue in west
• wealthy colony
• sugar, coffee, cotton

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HISPANIOLA
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B. Society in Saint-Domingue

• 1790
• 40,000 white French settlers
• 30,000 gens de couleur (mixed-race, freed)
• 500,000 black slaves (many flee to mountains as
  maroons)
• Did the Declaration of Rights of Man apply to
  male slaves?

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C. The Revolt

• inspired by American French revolutions
• 500 gens de couleur sent to fight British in
  America
• in 1789 white settlers demand self-rule1791
  civil war
• slaves revolt under Boukman (a Vodou priest)

August 14th, 1791
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D. François-Dominique Toussaint (1744-1803)

1. freed slaverenames self Louverture (the
   opening)
2. slave revolt leader in 17911801 named Governor
   for Life
3. 1801 constitution of equality and freed slaves
   in Santo Domingo

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• 4. 1802 arrested by Napoleons forces, died in
  jail
• 5. 1804 independence from France renamed Haiti
  (1st black republic)

In overthrowing me, you have done no more than
cut down the trunk of the tree of the black
liberty in St.Domingue- it will spring back from
the roots, for they are numerous and deep.
- Toussaint LOuverture
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II. Emergence of Ideologies

• Conservativism
• anti-revolutionary change
• Edmund Burke (England, 1729-1797)
• Liberalism
• anti-status quo
• manage social change
• John Stuart Mill (England, 1806-1873)

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A. Nations Nationalism

• 1. nation cultural unit based on shared
  language, customs, values, history
• nation influences political boundaries
• Types of nationalism
• --cultural (Volksgeist spirit of the people)
• --political (unification)

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Europe after the Congress of Vienna
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B. National Rebellions

• Greek independence from Ottoman Turks (1830)
• 2. Social Rebellions of 1848
• Causes
• conservative rule
• nationalism
• socioeconomic problems from Industrial Revolution
• hungry fortiesbad harvests (Irish Potato
  Famine)
• rebels take Vienna Metternich resigns flees
• (France sneezes Europe catches a cold)