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Introduction to Biology

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Title: Introduction to Biology


1
Introduction to Biology
  • SC Standard B-O

2
Introduction to Biology
  • 0.1 Properties of living things
  • 0.2 Scientific method
  • 0.3 Kingdoms
  • 0.4 Viruses
  • 0.5 Requirements for life

3
What is Science?
  • Science is an organized method of using evidence
    to propose explanations for events in the natural
    world.
  • Science is both
  • Process of gaining knowledge
  • The resulting body of knowledge

4
Careers Related to Science
  • What are some careers that may require a
    knowledge of science?
  • Botany study of plants
  • Zoology study of animals
  • Genetics how traits are passed from one
    generation to the next
  • Anatomy the structures of living things

5
Careers Related to Science
  • What are some careers that may require a
    knowledge of science?
  • Taxonomy how living things can be organized
  • Ecology how living things interact with one
    another and with their environments
  • Microbiology living things too small to be seen
    with the unaided eye
  • Medicine diagnosing, treating, and preventing
    disease

6
B-0.2. Overview of Scientific Method
  • The scientific method is what scientists use to
    solve problems.
  • The five steps are
  • State the Problem
  • Hypothesis
  • Experiment
  • Gather Data
  • Draw a Conclusion

7
Experiments
  • All experiments involve VARIABLES- which are
    factors that can vary or change.
  • What is a controlled experiment? (p. 8)
  • What is an independent variable?
  • What is a dependent variable?
  • What is the control group?
  • What is the experimental group?

8
GRAPHING DATA
  • Independent variable goes on the X axis
  • Dependent variable goes on the Y asis

Over time, height increases
9
GRAPHING DATA
  • What does this graph tell us?

Which is the dependent variable?
10
GRAPHING DATA
  • What does this graph tell us?

Which is the independent variable?
11
ETHICS
  • The study of standards for what is right and what
    is wrong

12
QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
  • Qualitative?
  • Deals with descriptions.
  • Data can be observed but not measured.
  • Colors, textures, smells, tastes, appearance,
    beauty, etc.
  • Qualitative ? Quality

13
QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
  • Example 1 ? Oil Painting
  • Qualitative data
  • blue/green color, gold frame
  • smells old and musty
  • texture shows brush strokes of oil paint
  • peaceful scene of the country
  • masterful brush strokes

14
QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
  • Example 2 ? Latte
  • Qualitative data
  • robust aroma
  • frothy appearance
  • strong taste
  • burgundy cup

15
QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
  • Example 3 ? Junior Class
  • Qualitative data
  • friendly demeanors
  • civic minded
  • environmentalists
  • positive school spirit

16
QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
  • Quantitative ?
  • Deals with numbers.
  • Data which can be measured.
  • Length, height, area, volume, weight, speed,
    time, temperature, humidity, sound levels, cost,
    members, ages, etc.
  • Quantitative ? Quantity 

17
QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
  • Example 1 ? Oil Painting
  • Quantitative data
  • picture is 10" by 14"
  • with frame 14" by 18"
  • weighs 8.5 pounds
  • surface area of painting is 140 sq. in.
  • cost 300

18
QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
  • Example 2 ? Latte
  • Quantitative data
  • 12 ounces of latte
  • serving temperature 150º F.
  • serving cup 7 inches in height
  • cost 4.95

19
QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
  • Example 3 ? Junior Class
  • Quantitative data
  • 672 students
  • 394 girls, 278 boys
  • 68 on honor roll
  • 150 students applied biology

20
B-0.1. Properties of living Things
  • All living things have ALL of these
    characteristics
  • All living things are MADE OF CELLS
  • All living things RESPOND
  • All living things ADAPT
  • All living things REPRODUCE
  • All living things GROW and DEVELOP

21
B-0.3. Kingdoms
  • There are Six Kingdoms of Living things.
  • Kingdom Eubacteria
  • Kingdom Archaebacteria
  • Kingdom Protista
  • Kingdom Fungi
  • Kingdom Plantae
  • autotrophs (make their own food by
    photosynthesis)
  • Kingdom Animalia
  • heterotrophs (must eat food)

22
Divisions of Classification
  • There are Seven Divisions of Classification
    (general to most specific)
  • Kingdom (most inclusive)
  • Phylum
  • Class
  • Order
  • Family
  • Genus
  • Species (most exclusive)

23
B-0.4. Viruses
  • Viruses are subcellular.
  • They are not alive, but have the ability to take
    over a living cell and control it.
  • When this occurs, the original cell can be
    damaged or destroyed.

24
B-0.5. Requirements for life
  • All living things have specific needs for
    maintaining life.
  • What are some things that you MUST have to live?
  • What is the difference in something we need vs.
    we want?
  • We will study these in depth throughout the
    course.

25
Review Introduction to Biology
  • 0.1 Properties of living things
  • 0.2 Scientific method
  • 0.3 Kingdoms
  • 0.4 Viruses
  • 0.5 Requirements for life
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