The Body Systems

1
The Body Systems
2
Unicellular Organisms

• All the functions of the organism occur in one
  cell
• Materials are exchanged with the environment
  through the plasma membrane

3
Multicellular Animals

• Cell differentiation results in organ systems
  that are designed to perform all of the tasks
  needed for survival and reproduction

4
Skeletal System

• Function
• Provides structure and support
• Protects internal organs
• Major Structures
• Bones

5
Muscular System

• Function
• Provides structure
• Supports and moves limbs
• Moves substances through the body
• Major Structures
• Muscles (3 types)
• Smooth
• Skeletal
• Cardiac

6
Integumentary System

• Function
• Protects against infections
• Helps regulate body temperature
• Major Structures
• Skin
• Hair
• Nails

7
Cardiovascular System

• Function
• Transports nutrients and wastes to and from all
  body parts
• Major Structures
• Heart
• Blood vessels
• Blood

8
Respiratory System

• Function
• Carries air into and out of the lungs where
  gases are exchanged
• Major Structures
• Lungs
• Air passages

9
Immune System

• Function
• Provides protection against infection and disease
• Major Structures
• Lymph nodes and vessels
• White blood cells

10
Digestive System

• Function
• Stores and breaks down food
• Absorbs nutrients
• Eliminates wastes
• Major Structures
• Mouth
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Liver
• Pancreas
• Small large intestines

11
Excretory System

• Function
• Eliminates waste
• Maintains water and chemical balance
• Major Structures
• Kidneys
• Ureters
• Bladder
• Urethra
• Skin
• Lungs

12
Nervous System

• Function
• Controls and coordinates body movements and
  senses
• Controls consciousness and creativity
• Helps monitor and maintain other body systems
• Major Structures
• Brain
• Spinal cord
• Nerves
• Sense organs
• Receptors

13
Endocrine System

• Function
• Maintains homeostasis
• Regulates metabolism, water and mineral balance,
  growth, behavior, development, and reproduction
• Major Structures
• Glands (adrenal, thyroid, pituitary and pancreas)
• Hypothalamus
• Specialized cells in the brain, heart, stomach
  and other organs

14
Reproductive System

• Function
• Produces eggs in females and sperm in males and
  offspring after fertilization
• Major Structures
• Ovaries and uterus in females
• Testes in males