Materials used for the roof structure and joinery components

1
Materials used for the roof structure and
joinerycomponents
2
Timber
Both sapwood and heartwood are in use in the
construction industry. Both have approximately
equal strength but heartwood is naturally more
durable than sapwood. Wood is an organic
material which should only be used from forests
which are replanted once the timber has been
felled. Sapwood The outer active part of a tree,
which as its name implies, receives and conducts
sap from the roots to the leaves. As this part of
the tree matures it gradually becomes heartwood.
Sapwood Heartwood
3
Timber (solid)
Sapwood Heartwood
Heartwood The natural non-active part of the
tree, often slightly darker in colour than
sapwood, gives strength and support to the tree
and provides the most durable wood for conversion
into timber. Bark The outer sheath of the tree.
It functions as - a moisture barrier thermal
insulator an armoured plate against extremes in
temperature, attack by fungi, insect and animals.
4
Softwoods and Hardwoods
The term Softwood and Hardwoods refer to the
botanical origins of wood and not to their
density or physical hardness.
Softwoods Softwoods come from cone-bearing
trees, often with evergreen needle-like leaves.
Softwood trees are usually much faster growing
than hardwoods. Softwood are generally used for
roof timbers, dividing walls, garden decking or
any other location where timber is used
structurally but the appearance is not important.

5
Wood used in a roof
6
Joinery components made from softwood

• Door linings

Stair strings
7
Floor Joist
Softwood timber studs
8

• Softwood roof timbers

Plywood sheeting
9
Hardwood

• Hard wood comes from broad-leaved trees, Most are
• Deciduous but they can be evergreen. Native
  hardwoods
• include -

Ash Oak Sycamore Beech
10
Hardwood

• Hard wood comes from broad-leaved trees, Most are
• Deciduous but they can be evergreen. Native
  hardwoods
• include -

Horse Chestnut Elm Lime
11
Hardwood

• Ash Table Doors
• Timber sheeting