Unit 1: From Pre-History to Early Civilizations

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Unit 1 From Pre-History to Early Civilizations

• Chapter 3 Ancient India

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Section I Indus Valley Civilization(Pages
48-55)

• This section is about
• The development and the decline of the Indus
  Valley civilization.
• The archeological evidence of the economic and
  cultural life of the people of Harappa and
  Mohenjo Daro.

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• Some questions for our class
• Who am I? (you - not this guy)
• What am I to do?
• How should I see things?
• Read the text on page 48 in our books.
• And, look at the picture on page 49
• What else should we do before we move on?

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Lets be active readers (top right of page 50)

• What else should we do?
• Look at vocabulary words
• Look at the Main Ideas
• Check out the pictures
• Check out the headings (in red in our book)

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What we often call the India sub-continent is
really 3 places today India / Pakistan /
Bangladesh
The South-Central section of Asia
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The Himalaya Mountains (biggest mountains on
earth)
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Indo-Gangetic Plain (Farming Indus and Ganges
Rivers)
The Western Ghats
The Eastern Ghats
Desert
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Deccan Plateau (raised area of level land)
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The weather in this region

• Has a lot of monsoons heavy winds with very
  heavy rainfall.
• Last from early June to early October
• Some places (East side) get as much as 450 inches
  of rain a year.
• The people depend on the rain for water for their
  farms, but too much rain is a problem.
• The rest of the year has cooler, dryer weather
• India can also get very hot up to the 120s in
  the desert

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Indias first great civilization (3500 B.C.) is
called
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• The Indus Valley Civilization they were around
  for about 1000 years and then vanished.
• Traders wove cotton, made jewelry and
  furniture, cooking utensils, writing sticks, back
  scratchers, dice, and game pieces.
• Famers grew wheat, barley, cotton, and fruit
• Both used stone, copper, and bronze tools.
• It seems they also traded with other cultures at
  times.

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Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro(archeologists started
digging there about 1921)

• Both about 1 square mile, similar layouts, and
  careful planning.
• In the center a huge fortress on a hill
  called a citadel
• Inside a bath house, grain storage area, and a
  residential building
• Why are these inside?
• Streets ran parallel to each other - to do all
  this must have taken great planning

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• Brick homes
• Some small (one room) others large (even with
  court-yards and private wells for drinking and
  bath water).
• People lived in areas according to their jobs.
• The most advance plumbing in the world water
  and sewer pipes running under the streets

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These people must have also been traders

• Indus Valley goods have also been found in other
  areas and goods from other areas have been found
  there.
• They must have used the oceans and the many
  rivers in the area.
• Indian pottery even has been found in
  Mesopotamia.
• Archeologists have also found games, toys (clay
  monkey that would slide down a string and a clay
  bull that wiggled its head), marbles, and dice
  (the same kind we use today)

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• Writing / Language
• They had some writing, but we dont know what
  language they spoke.
• When we do find writing, we dont know how to
  read it.
• If we figure that out, we might know a lot more
  about them

• Religion
• Were not sure what role religion played in their
  lives.
• Some figurines (mostly female) look like
  gods/goddesses.
• The bodies of the dead were buried with heads to
  the north, so ?

• Decline /Disappearance
• Change in climate and people moved?
• River changed and not enough water?
• Earthquake / flood / disease?
• Invaded and conquered?
• Some remains have been found that werent buried
  so what might that mean?

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Lets finish being active readers (top right of
page 50)
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Stop here for now
Finish the bottom of page "A"
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