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Cell Biology Overview

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Cell Biology Overview. Introduction / Cell Theory. Microscopes. Cell Membranes. Energy Conversion. Cell Growth and Division. Cell Motions. Cell Organization / Protein ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Cell Biology Overview


1
Cell Biology Overview
  • The Cell Theory
  • Microscopes
  • Cell Membranes
  • Energy Conversion
  • (aka cellular respiration)
  • Cell Growth and Division
  • Cell Movement
  • Cell Organization / Protein Synthesis
  • Cell Specialization

2
Cell Biology
  • a brief history

3
Robert Hooke18 July 1635 3 March 1703
  • Greatest experimental scientist of 17th century
  • Inventor
  • Contemporary of Newton
  • Member of the Royal Society

4
Mr Hookes Cells
5
Anton LeeuwenhoekOctober 24, 1632 - August 26,
1723 
"Whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have
thought it my duty to put down my discovery on
paper, so that all ingenious people might be
informed thereof."
6
First peek
7
Animicule Drawings
8
Anton Leeuwenhoek
9
Matthias Schleiden 5 April 1804 - 23 June 1881
  • botanist
  • used microscope in his studies
  • proposed that all plants are made up of cells

10
Theodore Schwann 7 December 1810 - January 1882
  • physiologist
  • defined metabolism
  • discovered pepsin
  • studied nervous system
  • proposed that all animals are made up of cells

11
Rudolf Virchow 1821-1902
  • physician
  • father of pathology
  • disease occurred in cells
  • extended cell theory -

"Omnis cellula e cellula"... All cells only
arise from pre-existing cells".
12
Classic Cell Theory
3. Cells come from cells
2. All animals are made up of cells
1. All plants are made up of cells
Rudolf Virchow
Theodore Schwann
Matthias Schleiden
13
Invasion of the Organelles!!
  • Lynn Margulis
  • 1938 2011
  • attended U Chicago at age 14
  • UMass Professor
  • proposed Endosymbiotic Theory
  • one of the greatest advances in the theory of
    evolutionary biology

14
The Appearance of Eukaryotes
15
Modern Cell Theory
  • Same biomolecules in organisms of similar species
    .
  • Some organisms are made up of only one cell -
    unicellular organisms.
  • Others are multicellular organisms.
  • The activity of an organism depends on the
    activity of its cells.
  • Fundamental unit of structure and function in
    plants and animals.
  • Arise from pre-existing cells by cell division.
  • Energy flow (chemical reactions) occurs within.
  • Contain hereditary information, passed from cell
    to cell during cell division.

16
Abiogenesis
17
Current Thinking . . .
  • Abiogenesis (RNA or polypeptides 1st)
  • Chem autotrophs (bacteria and archaea)
  • use CO2 and chemical energy
  • Bacteria develop primitive photosynthesis
  • Cyanobacteria split water to form oxygen gas as
    a waste product
  • Endosymbiosis

18
Cell Biology
  • Tools

19
Microscopes - I
  • Phase Contrast Microscope
  • Simple Light Microscope

20
Microscopes - 2
  • Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

21
Microscopes - 3
22
Compound Microscope Partslets sketch!
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