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Folk and Popular Culture

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Chapter 4 - CULTURE Folk and Popular Culture 1. What is Culture? CULTURE: A set of values, views of reality, and codes of behavior held in common by people who share ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Folk and Popular Culture


1
Chapter 4 - CULTURE
  • Folk and Popular Culture

2
1. What is Culture?
  • CULTURE A set of values, views of reality, and
    codes of behavior held in common by people who
    share a distinctive way of life the sum of all
    learned behavior
  • colere to cultivate, or till the soil
  • Middle Ages the refinement of crops
    (agriculture)
  • Enlightenment the refinement of people the
    arts (cultured)
  • Present learned behavior of a group people
  • instinct vs. learned behavior / habits vs.
    customs
  • instinct eat to satisfy hunger (habit)
  • learned behavior choose recipe, take to the
    store, buy ingredients, cook food in certain way,
    sit down to eat, use manners or some code of
    behavior (custom)
  • nature vs. nurture (nurture culture)
  • Tabula Rosa John Locke
  • because humans can learn so many things they can
    learn to do things differently
  • the different learned behaviors create different
    cultures and sub-cultures (cultural divergence in
    isolated culture hearths)
  • Culture is learned in 3 ways
  • Socialization the process of learning ones
    culture from previous generations if
    socialization fails, culture dies
  • Diffusion learn culture from new members of
    society, immigrants
  • Acculturation and Syncretism combining of old
    and new

3
2. What makes cultures different?
  • Components of American Culture





4
2. What makes cultures different?
  • Components of American Culture

5
2. What makes cultures different?
  • Hierarchy of Cultural components
  • Cultural Trait smallest unit of distinction
    between culture specific characteristics of
    society units of learned behavior
  • Culture Complex Cultural Universal set of
    related traits (complimentary characteristics)
  • Cultural Region portion of earths surface
    occupied by populations sharing distinctive
    cultural characteristics principal unit of study
    for cultural geographers/anthropologists
  • Cultural Realm larger segment of earth set of
    regions showing related complexes and landscapes

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3. Structure of Culture Three Subsystems
  • 1. Technological Subsystem Artifacts material
    objects visible objects that a group possesses
    and leaves fro the future (material culture) (Ch.
    4)
  • food, clothes, houses, tools, weapons, vehicles,
    art, music, games
  • Tangible evidence of human interaction with
    environment cultural landscape built
    environment
  • 2. Ideological Subsystem Mentifacts values,
    ideas, beliefs, knowledge, communication,
    abstract belief systems (non-material
    culture) (Ch. 56)
  • Language, religion, mythology, legends,
    literature, philosophy, folk wisdom (old-wives
    tales)
  • Transmitted through the education and
    socialization process children taught how to
    think and communicate within a society
  • 3. Sociological Subsystem Sociofacts
  • expected and accepted forms of interpersonal
    relations
  • Sociofacts define the organization of and
    accepted behavior within a society family,
    church, school, state (government)
  • material and non-material culture

9
Key Issue 1 Where Are Folk and Popular Leisure
Activities Distributed?
  • 2 categories of Material Culture
  • 1. Folk Culture small, homogeneous groups in
    isolated, rural areas
  • Exist much in original forms little or no change
    over time
  • Limited interaction with outside cultures
  • Diffuses mainly by relocation/migration
    threatened by expansion diffusion of popular
    culture thru interaction and communication (tv
    and radio)
  • Strong resistance to change celebrate local
    diversity with festivals
  • Minimal impact on environment stewards of scarce
    resources and fragile environments

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2 categories of Material Culture
  • 2. Popular Culture
  • Large, heterogeneous societies share habits
    despite different personal characteristics
  • Widespread distribution, greater interaction
  • Rapid global connections modern communication
    and transportation (radio, tv, computers,
    internet, Facebook, twitter, instagram)
  • Frequently changing trends and fads
  • Globalization of popular culture threatens
    survival of folk cultures
  • Leads to uniformity (sameness) of cultural
    landscapes
  • Less consideration for environment exploitation
    of natural resources for commercial profits
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