Louisiana Purchase and Lewis and Clark

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Louisiana Purchase and Lewis and Clark

• By Ms. Webert

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Introduction

• Between 1800 and 1803, three nations owned
  Louisiana-Spain until 1800, France until 1803,
  and the United States, purchasing it for 15
  million
• The Louisiana Purchase more than doubled the size
  of the United States, transforming the colony of
  Louisiana and its new country

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Objectives

• Understand the Louisiana Purchase and what
  leaders played a part
• Understand the Lewis and Clark expedition by
  watching a video

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Napoleon
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Napoleon

• In the European country of France, the French
  Revolution led to many changes
• Napoleon Bonaparte seized power in France and
  crowned himself the emperor of France
• He had a strong desire to conquer all of Europe,
  placing those loyal to him as the leaders of
  conquered nations
• He also wanted to gain back land in North America

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Napoleon

• Napoleon first wanted to take back Saint-Domingue
  (Haiti) from Toussaint LOuverture-renamed Haiti
• He needed Haiti as a resupply point between
  France and Louisiana

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Napoleon

• Napoleon wanted Louisiana as a base for his
  military operations in North America
• Napoleon pressured Spain to transfer Louisiana
  back to France in the Treaty of Ildefonso
• In 1802, Napoleon sent over 20,000 troops to
  Haiti. These troops were defeated because of
  yellow fever and guerrilla warfare

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Thomas Jefferson
There is on the globe one single spot, the
possessor of which is our natural and habitual
enemy. It is New Orleans. - Thomas Jefferson
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Napoleon

• Napoleon couldnt risk losing any more troops in
  Haiti because he needed them for his war with
  Great Britain
• Napoleon also needed money to fund his war with
  Great Britain
• Without Haiti , owning Louisiana was useless. He
  knew that the United States wanted Louisiana to
  control the Mississippi River and New Orleans
• President Thomas Jefferson wanted New Orleans
• Jefferson sent Robert Livingston and James Monroe
  to negotiate in Paris, France

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Negotiations in Paris
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand
Robert Livingston
James Monroe
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Napoleon

• To the surprise of the U.S., Napoleon offered all
  of the Louisiana territory for 15 million!!
• Livingston and Monroe accepted without the
  approval of Congress

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The Louisiana Purchase
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Problems with new territory

• The Louisiana Purchase area was very large and
  largely unknown
• The Spanish system of land claims and titles
  caused problems
• Undefined boundaries of the Louisiana Purchase
  created problems between the U.S. and Spain
• Spanish Texas and American Territory of Orleans
  disputed the area near the Sabine River

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Aaron Burr Conspiracy

• Aaron Burr was a former vice president of the
  U.S.
• He lost political influence when he killed
  Alexander Hamilton in a duel
• He plotted with the Spanish government to incite
  a rebellion against the French settlers in
  Louisiana
• In return, he hoped to gain is own empire in the
  southern U.S.
• Governor Wilkinson turned Burr in

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Solutions to the Problems with new territory

• President Jefferson sent out expeditions to map
  the unknown territory
• In 1806, Spain and the United States set up a
  neutral zone between the Sabine River and the
  Calcasieu River

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West Florida

• West Florida (southern part of Mississippi and
  Alabama) was not included in the Louisiana
  Purchase, it remained Spanish
• West Florida included the part of the state on
  the east side of the Mississippi River today
  called the Florida Parishes
• For a very brief period, West Florida was an
  independent nation. In 1810, the U.S. annexed
  the area (annex means to add)

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Great Slave Uprising of 1811

• After the Louisiana Purchase, Louisianas economy
  improved and plantations grew
• More slaves were brought into Louisiana,
  increasing tensions
• A major slave uprising occurred near present-day
  town or Norco in St. Charles Parish
• The leaders of the revolt organized the escaping
  slaves into companies complete with officers.
  They had no weapons except those they had made
  from farm tools
• The revolt was unsuccessful and the leaders of
  the rebellion were killed and their heads
  displayed on poles

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Divided in Two

• The Louisiana Purchase was such a large amount of
  land that Congress divided the area into two
  territories
• General James Wilkinson became governor of the
  area north of the 33rd parallel which was named
  the District of Louisiana
• The District of Louisiana had its capital at
  Saint Louis
• William C. C. Claiborne was appointed governor of
  the area south of the 33rd parallel (present-day
  Louisiana) known as the Territory of Orleans

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Divided in Two
Gov. Wilkinson
District of Louisiana
Territory of Orleans
Gov. Claiborne
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Lewis and Clark

• President Thomas Jefferson needed to know the
  geography of the Louisiana Purchase territory and
  also wanted to find the North West Passage to
  the Pacific Ocean
• He hired his secretary, Meriwether Lewis
• Lewis asked his friend, William Clark, to help

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Meriwether Lewis William Clark

• Two goals
• Map Louisiana
• Find Northwest Passage and water route to the
  Pacific

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Lewis and Clark Expedition
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Lewis and Clark

• They depart St. Louis on their corps of
  discovery on August 31, 1803
• Arrive back on September 23, 1806
• Watch Video!!!!!!!!!!!!

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Questions??????

• All material, including the power point
  information and the video are testable.