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Greek Values and Their Gods and Goddesses

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Title: Greek Values and Their Gods and Goddesses


1
Greek Values and Their Gods and Goddesses
  • 9th Grade Literature

2
Values of the Ancient Greeks
  • Courtesy and respect for all classes of people
  • Courage, trust and discipline
  • Community and law
  • Home and family
  • Obedience to the divine world

3
Myths
  • Myths are stories that use fantasy to express
    ideas about life that cannot be expressed easily
    in realistic terms.
  • Myths are basically religious because they are
    concerned with the relationship between human
    beings and the unknown or spiritual realm.

4
The Oral Tradition
  • In Homers time there were no movies or
    television and probably not any written history.
  • In order to pass on tales of recent events or the
    stories of great heroes, gods, and goddesses, men
    would travel from community to community singing
    of such events.

5
The Oral Tradition (cont.)
  • These singers of tales were known as Rhapsodes.
  • Rhapsodes were the historians and entertainers as
    well as the myth-makers of their time.
  • These singers had to be very talented and work
    very hard to memorize all of the stories they
    told.

6
Greek God and Goddesses
  • The Olympians Like any normal religion, the gods
    and goddesses of ancient Greece were who the
    Greek civilians worshiped and praised daily.

7
In the Beginning
  • there was Chaos. He was considered the father of
    the world, much like Christians believe God is
    the father. He had 3 children and they are the
    gods that helped to birth the life that is on
    Earth. Those gods, Gaea, Nyx, and Erebus, gave
    birth to the sky, the sea, and the mountains.
    From there, the Earth began to grow.

8
Gaia Goddess of Earth and Nyx Goddess of Night
9
Erebus God of darkness and shadow
10
The Next Gods
  • were called the Titans. They were gigantic and
    fearful, but not really all that bad. Just
    moody! The king of the Titans was called
    Cronus. He killed his father Uranus and maimed
    his mother Gaea in order to get control of the
    Earth. He also started eating his own children
    (the Olympian gods) to keep them from
    overthrowing him the way he did his own father
    and mother.

11
Cronus eating his children the Titans
12
But
  • Cronus was overthrown by the leader of the next
    generation of gods, the Olympian gods. Zeus was
    Cronuss son, and he is the one who overthrew
    him. Zeus became the supreme ruler. His
    brother, Poseidon, became ruler of the ocean.
    His other brother, Hades, became the ruler of the
    underworld, which is like Hell, Heaven, and
    Purgatory all in one. Those three gods were the
    next to be in charge of the Earth. They, and
    others, were the main gods that were worshiped by
    the Greeks.

13
Zeus
  • Supreme ruler of the Olympians
  • Married to Hera, who is also his sister
  • Olympian children are Athena, Apollo
  • God of the sky
  • Weapon is the lightning bolt
  • Rules on Mount Olympus, where the Olympian gods
    live

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15
Poseidon
  • God of sea, horses, and earthquakes
  • Brother of Zeus
  • Weapon is the trident

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Hades
  • God of the underworld
  • Brother to Zeus and Poseidon
  • Wife is Persephone, Demeters daughter
  • Scepter or horn of plenty is his symbol
  • Cerberus is his pet who helps guard the underworld

18
Hades Persephone
19
Hera
  • Wife of Zeus, also his sister.gross!!!
  • Protector of marriage and family...irony? why yes
    it is!
  • Symbol is the peacock
  • Ares and Hephaestus are her children with Zeus

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21
Aphrodite
  • Goddess of love and beauty
  • Said to have been born on the foam of the ocean
  • Married to Hephaestus, who is lame and considered
    ugly
  • Son is Eros, also known as cupid
  • Daughter of Zeus and Dione

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23
Athena
  • Daughter of Zeus (Zeus got a bad headache and his
    head split and out popped Athena)
  • Goddess of war and wisdom
  • Symbol is the owl
  • Has no husband or children
  • Loved helping the mortal heroes in Greek epics,
    like Odysseus and Perseus

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Apollo
  • God of sun, light, medicine, and music
  • Father is Zeus
  • Has a twin sister, Artemis
  • The sun, bow, and chariot are some symbols
    associated with Apollo

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Artemis
  • Goddess of the hunt, forest, and all things
    wilderness
  • Twin sister of Apollo
  • Her bow and her hounds are her symbols
  • She hates men and opposes the institution of
    marriage.very independent woman!

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Ares
  • God of War
  • Symbol is the spear
  • Only legitimate son of Hera and Zeus
  • Had numerous affairs, including one with
    Aphrodite (whos married to Hephaestus)

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Hermes
  • God of travels and is also called the Messenger
    god
  • Has a winged hat, winged shoes, and a snake
    encircled staff
  • Also the son of Zeus, a product of one of Zeuss
    many affairs

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33
Hestia
  • Calm goddess of home and hearth
  • Symbol is the hearth with an eternal flame
  • Sister to Zeus, Hades, Hera and Poseidon
  • Never married even though Poseidon tried to court
    her (yep, her own brother)

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35
Hephaestus
  • Lame god of fire and forge
  • Makes all the gods weapons
  • Married to Aphrodite
  • Kind of an alcoholic
  • Parents are rumored to be Zeus and Hera, but they
    dont like to claim him because he is
    unattractive sometimes portrayed as deformed

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All 12 together on Mount Olympus
38
Because gods like to play
  • Many of the Olympian gods had numerous affairs
    with mortals, other lesser gods, sometimes other
    creatures. As a result, in Greek Mythology there
    are numerous monsters and creatures, many of whom
    pop up in Homers The Odyssey.

39
Centaurs half man, half horse
40
Cerberus 3 headed dog who guards the underworld
41
Cyclops Giant w/ one eye children of Poseidon
42
Fates 3 women who determine life and death
43
Medusa Once beautiful but cursed with extreme
ugliness. To look at her turns you to stone.
44
Minotaur Half man, half bull
45
Pegasus Winged Horse sired by Poseidon
46
Sirens half bird, half women their singing
lures sailors to their deaths
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