The Age of Isms - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 28
About This Presentation
Title:

The Age of Isms

Description:

The Age of Isms Europe in the Industrial Age – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:247
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 29
Provided by: Coa84
Category:
Tags: age | feminism | french | isms

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: The Age of Isms


1
The Age of Isms
  • Europe in the Industrial Age

2
Industrialism
3
Industrialism
  • Mechanization of Manufacturing
  • Importance of textiles machines, steam engine
  • Mineral Sources of Energy
  • Coal powers new technology
  • Development of Factories
  • Workers concentrated around machines or in
    workshops instead of raw materials distributed to
    homes
  • New Methods of Transportation
  • Roads and canals improve movement of raw
    materials and finished goods, but railroad is key

4
Industrialism Effects
  • Population Growth
  • Income from wages leads to earlier marriages,
    more children, better nutrition
  • Standard of Living
  • Industrial manufacturing makes more goods more
    affordable to a larger swath of the the
    population
  • Working class slums difficult living
    conditions and unsanitary environment for working
    class

5
Industrialism Effects
  • Changing Family Relationships
  • Initially, women and children are eagerly hired
    by factory owners
  • Over time, women are seen as belonging in the
    home and children are seen emotional rather than
    economic commodities
  • New Social Class Structure
  • Old Regime Nobles vs. Peasants
  • Industrial Order
  • Upper Class Wealthy Capitalists (business
    owners)
  • Middle Class White collar workers (managers,
    etc.)
  • Lower Class Blue collar workers (laborers)

6
Nationalism
7
Nationalism
  • Political boundaries should be redrawn in order
    to reflect shared culture, language and history
  • Reject dynastic monarchs as legitimate basis for
    determining national status

8
Nationalism Impact
  • Unification
  • Uniting divided groups into single nations
  • Examples Germany Italy
  • Division
  • Groups rebelling from imperial powers
  • Examples Greeks from Ottoman Empire, Poles from
    Russia, Czechs from the Hapsburg Empire (AKA
    Austria-Hungary)

9
Map of Europe 1914
10
Conservatism
11
Conservatism
  • Maintain the existing social and political order
  • Hereditary monarchies, established churches, and
    landed nobility
  • Support gradual reform rather than revolution
  • Only way to protect against anarchy of the French
    Revolution

12
Conservatism Impact
  • Dominant political ideology of Industrial Europe
    and Russia
  • Example Holy Alliance of Russia, Prussia, and
    Austria-Hungary
  • Conservative Nationalism
  • Examples Bismarck (Germany) Cavour (Italy)
    Third Republic (France)

13
Liberalism
14
Liberalism
  • Government should protect basic rights
  • Liberals fought for reforms in the name of
    freedom
  • Establish and protect individuals rights
  • Freedom press, religion, equality in law
  • Expand the right to vote
  • Propertied middle class should have greater
    control of government
  • Promote free trade
  • Remove tariffs and other restrictions to commerce

15
Liberalism Impact
  • Revolution and Reform
  • Source of major revolutions (such as 1848) and
    major reforms (such as British Reform Bill)

16
Socialism
17
Socialism
  • Reject free market capitalism in favor of
    institutions that protect workers
  • Society should be organized into communities
    rather than forcing individuals to fend for
    themselves (unions, communal workshops, etc.)
  • Strong government regulation and redistribution
    of income are needed to ensure people are treated
    fairly within the industrial economy

18
Socialism Impact
  • Spread of Marxist thought (Next Unit!)
  • Marxs ideas spread not only through Europe, but
    to other regions as well
  • Russian socialism (Lenin)
  • Chinese socialism (Mao)
  • Vietnamese socialism (Ho Chi Minh)
  • African socialism, etc.

19
Humanitarianism
20
Humanitarianism
  • People have a ethical and religious duty to look
    after their fellow human beings
  • COT Medieval monasteries and their decline in
    the Early Modern Era

21
Humanitarianism Impact
  • Political and social movements to improve the
    lives of the lower classes and others
  • Examples Abolition of slavery in the British
    Empire Settlement House movement

22
Feminism
23
Feminism
  • Women have the right to the same political,
    economic, and social opportunities as men
  • No difference between men and women in the eyes
    of the law
  • Complete rejection of patriarchy

24
Feminism Impact
  • Political Feminism
  • Equality under the law Suffrage (voting rights)
  • Example Emmeline Pankhurst
  • Economic Feminism
  • Opening of jobs closed to women (doctors,
    lawyers, etc.)

25
Romanticism
26
Romanticism
  • Focus on passion above intellect
  • Recognize limits of human reason and focus on
    intuition and imagination
  • Kants Critique of Pure Reason
  • Humans share an innate sense of moral duty, the
    categorical imperative
  • Challenges the Enlightenment
  • Appreciation of Nature
  • Emphasizes beauty of the natural world free from
    human influence

27
Romanticism Impact
  • Arts and Literature
  • Major artistic and literary movement of the 19th
    century
  • Romantic Nationalism
  • Idealizing the distant past as justification for
    political movements
  • Example Greek Revolution, Italian Nationalism

28
Coach Lerchs Final Thoughts
  • Although these isms dominate Industrial Europe,
    they will also go out into the world in the 19th
    and 20th centuries due to the rise of another
    European ism imperialism
  • As a result, forces like nationalism and
    socialism are adopted by diverse groups around
    the world and given their own unique twist
    (cultural blending!!!)
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com