Infectious Diseases in Canines

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Infectious Diseases in Canines

• Small Animal Technology

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Infectious Diseases

• Caused by microscopic organisms
• Viruses
• Bacteria
• Protozoa
• Fungi
• Invade and grow in living tissue

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Canine Distemper

• Caused by inhaling an airborne virus, spreads
  through entire body.
• Young and older dogs are susceptible

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Symptoms of Distemper

• Early signs are vomiting and diarrhea.
• Discharge of the eye
• Usually see an improvement in symptoms
• Weeks or months later, nervous system damage
  appears.
• Tremors
• Epileptic Fits

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Distemper Symptoms

• Hyperkeratosis (hardening of the foot pads and
  nose)

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Distemper Symptoms
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Treatment

• Antibiotics, Anti-Diarrhea's, Anti-Seizure Meds
• Keep nose, mouth eyes clean
• Puppies that survive have distempered teeth or
  no enamel on their teeth.

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Prevention

• Vaccination at 8, 12 and 16 weeks.
• Revaccinate every year

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Canine Hepatitis

• Highly contagious virus, spread through urine
  then mouth.
• Usually appears in dogs one year of age or less.
• Usually die within two weeks, or survive.
• Has many symptoms, but effects their liver.

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Symptoms of Hepatitis

• Animals appear dull and apathetic
• Refuse to eat and have intense thirst
• Fever
• Swelling of the head, neck and lower abdomen
• Gums will appear pale, sometimes hemorrhaged.
• Cry in pain while eliminating

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Healthy Liver
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Hepatitis Liver
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Prevention

• Vaccinate at 6, 8 and 12 Weeks
• Every year after

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Parvovirus

• Caused by a small DNA-containing virus that
  requires rapidly dividing cells for growth.
• Young pups are most likely to get Parvo.
• Main source of infection is ingestion of
  materials contaminated with feces from infected
  dogs.
• Comes in two forms Intestinal Heart

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Symptoms of Intestinal Parvo

• Vomiting followed by diarrhea
• Refusal to eat
• Severe dehydration
• Yellow gray feces streaked with blood
• Dogs will vomit repeatedly and have projectile
  diarrhea until they die.
• Most deaths occur within 24-48 hours of symptoms.

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Symptoms of Heart Parvo

• Virus attacks the muscles of the growing heart.
• Depressed
• Stop sucking before they collapse
• Gasping for breath
• No specific treatment
• Pups that survive usually have heart problems
  later.

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Prevention

• Vaccinate at 6, 8, 12 weeks and annually
• Properly clean and disinfect kennels where dogs
  are housed
• Virus is capable of living for many months
• Sodium hypochlorite will kill parvo.

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Kennel Cough

• Infects the respiratory system.
• Occurs in dogs who live in less that ideal
  conditions.
• Pet shops
• Pounds
• Animal Shelters
• Boarders
• Puppy Mills?

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Kennel Cough Symptoms

• Dry and hacking cough
• Gagging or coughing mucus
• If they lose their appetite, have nasal or eye
  discharge the infection is severe.
• Can result in pneumonia
• Antibiotics can treat
• Vaccinations are available

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Rabies

• Effects the nervous system
• Can effect all warm blooded animals
• Dogs usually are bitten by a wild animal
• Two types
• Dumb
• Furious

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Furious Rabies

• First stage, animal will act unusually withdrawn
  or affectionate
• Lasts about two days
• The animal then begins wandering and will bite
  anything in its path.
• Frothing at the mouth due to difficulty in
  swallowing
• The animal will then return home, find a place
  alone to spasm and then die.

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Dumb Rabies

• No wandering or biting.
• Paralysis of the lower jaw
• Paralysis of limbs
• Death
• Virus immediately goes to the brain. That damage
  causes the strange behavior.
• VACCINATE ANNUALLY

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