Eastern Europe 1520-1796

1
Eastern Europe 1520-1796
Expansion and Consolidation
2
The Ottoman Empire
Capital at Istanbul.
3
Suleiman the Magnificent1520-1566

• Suleiman codified and institutionalized the
  classic structure of the Ottoman state and
  society, making his dominions into one of the
  great powers of Europe.
• Very tolerant of non-Muslims.
• Conquered Iraq, Hungary, Albania.

4
Romanov Dynasty in Russia
5
Mikhail Romanov was elected tsar by the Zemsky
Sobor in 1613.
6
Empire Building in Russia

• Michael Romanov becomes Czar at age 17.
• Expanded Russia through military conquest.
• Made internal improvements like bridges,
  hospitals, schools, and roads.

7
Without a shepherd sheep are not a flock.

• -Russian proverb

8
Peter the Great 1689-1725

• Modernized Russia.
• Expanded Russias borders west to gain a Baltic
  Sea port at St. Petersburg.

9
Peter the Great
10
Modernized Russia

• reorganized government along the lines of Swedens

11
Opened Russia to the West

• traveled to the West with a diplomatic mission
  when still a young man
• ended Russias isolation
• imported Western technology and specialists

12
Peter created an army like the Prussians and a
modern navy like the Dutch.
13
He built St. Petersburg as Russias window to
the West.
14
(No Transcript)
15
Peter the Great?

• Built St. Petersburg.
• 100,000 peasants died during the construction of
  St. Petersburg.
• Built on a swamp.
• Every building made of stone.

16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
Summer Palace, Petrodvorets
19
Peter required the people at court to wear
European-style clothing and had the men shave-off
their beards.
20
He allowed women to attend parties and other
public gatherings, and required the court to use
French.
21
Catherine the Great,(1729-96)

• reigned 1762-96
• a German-born princess
• at age 16 she married the weak and incompetent
  heir to the Russian throne
• -deposed and later murdered him

22
Enlightened Despot

• continued to adopt Western-European ways
• -court grows isolated from the rest of Russia

23
Catherine corresponded with leading Western
intellectuals of her day.

• Voltaire, the French writer and philosopher.

24
Catherines accomplishments

• expanded and modernized the army and navy
• expanded Russian territory
• -captured the Crimea peninsula without firing a
  shot (1783)
• -annexed large portions of Poland and Lithuania

25
Expansion of Russia1796-1914
26
Catherine gave a charter to Russian nobles
exempting them from taxes and state service.
This allowed her to consolidate power.
27
Frederick the Great of Prussia1712-1786

• Great military leader.
• Over 20 successful campaigns.
• Started the Seven Years War by capturing the
  Austrian province of Silesia. (1756-1763)

28
Frederick the Great

• An accomplished flute player.
• Involved in the partition of Poland.
• Champion of religious liberty.
• Composed his own music.

29
Castel Del Monte. Built by FTG.
30
Battle of Leignitz
31
Prussia During the Enligntenment

• No seaports.
• Poor mineral resources.
• Very strong military. Third largest army in
  Europe.

32
The Partition of Poland

• Causes
• 1 Chaotic political structure.
• 2 Weak king.
• 3 Divided nobles.

Poland taken by Austria, Hungary, Russia.
33
Western Europe in Enlightenment, while Russia
was.not.
34
The Age of Enlightenment

• Reason was seen as the highest form of
  learning.
• Many artistic, social, and scientific
  advancements were discovered.
• Famous learners John Locke, Francis Bacon, Isaac
  Newton, Copernicus, Galileo

35
Venice
36
(No Transcript)
37
(No Transcript)