Human blood type review

1
Human blood type review
2

• Could two individuals with type A blood ever
  produce any offspring with type O blood? Explain
  using a Punnett square!

3

• Answer Both parents would have to be AO genotype
  to create O blood type offspring.

4

• Could 2 individuals with type O blood ever
  produce any offspring with type A blood? Explain
  using a Punnett square.

5

• Answer No. Both individuals have O blood which
  is OO genotype. No A alleles are available.

6

• Could a type O individual and a type AB
  individual ever produce any offspring with type A
  blood? Explain by using a Punnett square.

7

• Answer Yes. In fact, an O individual and an AB
  individual can only create offspring that have
  the genotypes AO and BO, which are blood types A
  and B.

8

• A man has A blood and his wife has type B. A
  physician types the blood of their four children
  and is amazed to find one of each of the blood
  types among them. (A, B, AB, and O) How could
  this happen? Show the Punnett square.

9

• Answer The man has to be AO and the wife has to
  be BO in order to create all possible blood
  types.
• Yes, he can be the father of all of those
  children! ?

10

• A woman sues a man for the support of her child.
  She has type A blood, her child has type O, and
  the man has type B. Could the man be the father?
  Explain with a Punnett square.

11

• Answer Yes if mom is AO and the man is BO blood
  type, thus able to create an OO, O blood type,
  child.

12

• A wealthy elderly couple die together in an
  accident. Soon, a man shows up to claim their
  fortune saying that he is their only son who ran
  away from home as a boy. Other relatives dispute
  the claim. Hospital records show that the
  deceased couple were type AB and O. The claimant
  to the fortune was type O. Could he be their
  son? Explain with a Punnett square.

13

• Answer No the claimant cannot be their son. The
  elderly couple were AB and O, which can only
  create A or B blood typed individuals.

14

• Suppose two newborn babies were accidentally
  mixed up in the hospital. From the following test
  results, identify which baby belongs to which
  parents.
• BABY 1 O BABY 2 A
• Mrs. Brown B Mr. Brown AB
• Mrs. Smith B Mr. Smith B

15

• Answer Baby 1 has to belong to Mr. and Mrs.
  Smith. (Both parents are BO genotype)
• Baby 2 has to belong to Mr. and Mrs. Brown. (Can
  only create A, AB, or B blood types)

16
Genetic Disorders Review
17
Male or female?
18
Female!
19
What genetic disorder is shown below?
20
Answer XXY, Klinefelters Syndrome
21
What genetic disorder is shown below?
22
Answer Trisomy 21, Down Syndrome
23

• Which disorder below is caused by an X-linked
  recessive gene?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

24

• Which disorder below is caused by an X-linked
  recessive gene?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

25

• Which disorder below is Trisomy 13?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

26

• Which disorder below is Trisomy 13?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

27

• Which disorder below can cause a male to show
  breast development?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

28

• Which disorder below can cause a male to show
  breast development?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

29

• Which disorder below can result in only females
  and is linked to sterility, obesity, and a broad
  chest?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

30

• Which disorder below can result in only females
  and is linked to sterility, obesity, and a broad
  chest?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

31

• Which disorder below is trisomy 21, giving a
  person distinct facial characteristics and mild
  to severe mental retardation?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

32

• Which disorder below is trisomy 21, giving a
  person distinct facial characteristics and mild
  to severe mental retardation?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

33

• Which disorder below is caused by a broken 5th
  chromosome and can cause a baby to have a
  cat-like sounding cry?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

34

• Which disorder below is caused by a broken 5th
  chromosome and can cause a baby to have a
  cat-like sounding cry?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

35

• Which disorder below is XYY, male, tall, and
  often aggressive?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

36

• Which disorder below is XYY, male, tall, and
  often aggressive?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

37

• Which disorder below is always a female and
  appears normal phenotypically?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

38

• Which disorder below is always a female and
  appears normal phenotypically?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

39

• Which disorder below is Trisomy 18 and often is
  noticed by a person who makes fists with
  overlapping fingers?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

40

• Which disorder below is Trisomy 18 and often is
  noticed by a person who makes fists with
  overlapping fingers?
• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Jacobs
• Patau syndrome
• Klinefelters syndrome
• Cri-du-Chat
• Edwards syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Triple X

41

• Which of these statements is TRUE about Patau
  Syndrome?
• It affects only males.
• It affects only females
• Both sexes are equally likely to have it.
• Be sure to explain your answer!

42

• Which of these statements is TRUE about Patau
  Syndrome?
• It affects only males.
• It affects only females
• Both sexes are equally likely to have it.
• Be sure to explain your answer!
• Patau syndrome is autosomal not sex-linked.

43

• Which of these disorders could be diagnosed using
  a karyotype?
• PKU
• Hemophilia
• Patau
• Tay-Sachs

44

• Which of these disorders could be diagnosed using
  a karyotype?
• PKU
• Hemophilia
• Patau
• Tay-Sachs
• Nondisjunction. The rest are based on
  recessive/dominant alleles.

45
Humans have ______ pair(s) of autosomal
chromosomes and _____ pair(s) of sex chromosomes?
46
Humans have __22__ pair(s) of autosomal
chromosomes and _1__ pair(s) of sex chromosomes?
47

• Which of these disorders is caused by
  nondisjunction of an autosomal chromosome?
• Turner syndrome
• Triple X
• Edwards
• Klinefelters

48

• Which of these disorders is caused by
  nondisjunction of an autosomal chromosome?
• Turner syndrome
• Triple X
• Edwards
• Klinefelters

49
Sex-linked Traits
50

• Most sex-linked traits are associated with which
  sex chromosome?

51

• Answer X chromosome (larger than Y chromosome)

52

• Lucille does not have hemophilia, but her father
  did. Lucilles genotype MUST be
• XNXN
• XNXn
• XNY
• XnXn

53

• Lucille does not have hemophilia, but her father
  did. Lucilles genotype MUST be
• XNXN
• XNXn
• XNY
• XnXn

54

• Frank does not have hemophilia, his genotype must
  be
• a. XNXN
• XNXn
• XNY
• XnY

55

• Frank does not have hemophilia, his genotype must
  be
• a. XNXN
• XNXn
• XNY
• XnY

56

• Lucille (a carrier for hemophilia) and Frank (who
  does not have hemophilia) have children, what are
  the chances they will have a child with
  hemophilia? Show the Punnett square as proof.

57

• Answer Chances are 25 that they will have a
  child with hemophilia.

58

• Lucille has found out that shes having a boy.
  What are the chances that her child will have
  hemophilia? (Lucille is a carrier and Frank is
  normal) Show the Punnett square as proof.

59

• Answer 50 because 1 out of every 2 boys have
  the possibility of being hemophilic.

60

• Explain why calico cats are always female.

61

• Answer The genes for orange and black fur colors
  are on the X chromosome and the female gets 2 X
  chromosomes.

62

• The gene for eye color in fruit flies is located
  on the X chromosome. Red Eyes dominates over
  white eyes. Use XR to represent the red-eye gene
  and Xr to represent the gene for white eyes.
• Tabitha is a red-eyed fly who has sons with white
  eyes. Her genotype MUST be what?

63

• If a red eyed carrier female fly mates with a
  white eyed male fly, what percentage of their
  offspring will have white eyes?

64

• Answer 50 of offspring will have white eyes.
  (one out of two females and one out of two males)

65

• In Whitneys family, cyclopia is an X-linked
  recessive disease, represented by Xa. Whitneys
  father was a Cyclops and Whitney is not a
  Cyclops.
• What is Whitneys genotype?

66

• Based on this information, Whitney is a
• Carrier of cyclopia
• Is a Cyclops
• Does not have or carry cyclopia

67

• Whitneys husband, Jason, does not have cyclopia.
  What is the chance that one of their children
  will be a Cyclops? Show the Punnett square.

68

• Answer One of their sons could be a Cyclops
  25 of the offspring.

69

• Which gender is more likely to exhibit an
  X-linked recessive trait?

70

• Answer Males because they only have 1 X
  chromosome where females have 2 X chromosomes.

71

• Adrenoleukodystrophy is an X-linked recessive
  disease. Alex has Adrenoleukodystrophy. He most
  likely got it from
• Mom
• Dad
• Either Parent
• Eating Paint Chips

72

• Adrenoleukodystrophy is an X-linked recessive
  disease. Alex has Adrenoleukodystrophy. He most
  likely got it from
• Mom
• Dad
• Either Parent
• Eating Paint Chips

73

• True or false. A hemophiliac girls father must
  also be a hemophiliac.
• Draw the Punnett square to prove it.

74

• Answer True. The father can only give an X
  chromosome with a recessive allele for hemophilia
  if he himself has hemophilia.

75

• How would you write the genotype for an
  individual who is a female and is homozygous
  dominant for normal color vision?

76

• Answer The individual would have 2 dominant
  (capital) alleles on the X chromosomes.

77
Pedigree Charts
78
Shaded individuals have long nose hairs. Based
on the pedigree, having long nose hairs must be a
dominant or recessive trait?
79
Shaded individuals have long nose hairs. Based
on the pedigree, having long nose hairs must be a
dominant or recessive trait? ANSWER Recessive.
80
How many generations are shown in the pedigree
above?
81
ANSWER Three generations. One, 2, 3, or P, F1,
and F2 generations.
82
Shaded individuals have long nose hairs. For the
only parents in the F1 generation, what do both
of their genotypes have to be? (Use N or n as the
alleles)
83
Answer Parents in F1 generation must be Nn
(heterozygous) for long nose hairs.