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Chapter 16 section 4 Evidence of Evolution

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Chapter 16 section 4 Evidence of Evolution Key Questions How does the geographic distribution of species today relate to their evolutionary history? – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter 16 section 4 Evidence of Evolution


1
Chapter 16 section 4Evidence of Evolution
2
Key Questions
  • How does the geographic distribution of species
    today relate to their evolutionary history?
  • How do fossils help to document the descent of
    modern species from ancient ancestors?
  • What do homologous structures and similarities in
    embryonic development suggest about the process
    of evolutionary change?
  • How can molecular biology be used to trace the
    process of evolution?
  • What does recent research on the Galapagos
    finches show about natural selection?

3
Biogeography
  • Wherepresent and past
  • Divergent evolution
  • Darwin's finches
  • Convergent evolution
  • Shark and Dolphin

4
Age of the Earth
  • Thought Earth was young
  • Radioactive Dating
  • 4.6 billion years old
  • Recent fossil evidence
  • p. 466-7

5
Homologous Structures
  • Gradual change can be seen organisms
  • Similar structures, shared ancestors
  • Examples finches beaks, arm/wings p 468

6
Analogous Structures
  • Similar structures, no recent common ancestor
  • Example Bird, insect wings

7
Vestigial Structures
  • Useful in ancestor, not now
  • Ex human tailbone,
    snake/whale pelvis

8
Similarities
  • Embryology
  • Early embryos
  • Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny

9
Genetics
  • Proof of common descent
  • All living things pass genetic info.
  • Macromolecule
  • Amino acid sequence
  • Cytochrome c
  • Hox gene
  • Molecular Clocks

10
Hox Genes
  • Small changes big differences
  • Insects vs. Crustaceans
  • Ubx gene
  • Timing

11
Darwin's Finches
  • Divergent Evolution
  • Grants Research
  • Environmental Selection Pressures
  • p. 472
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