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CONTEXT CLUES

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Title: PowerPoint Presentation Author: WSE Last modified by: Mr. Ronzoni Created Date: 7/23/2001 7:26:52 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: CONTEXT CLUES


1
  • CONTEXT CLUES
  • BY
  • Mr. Gonzalez
  • DORAL SCHOOL

2
Concept mapWHAT ARE CONTEXT CLUES?
  • Context
  • Clues

3
How Do You Guess The Meaning Of An Unfamiliar
Word?
  • There are words or phrases around an
    unfamiliar word that can help you understand the
    meaning of a new word.
  • These words and phrases are called context
    clues. 
  • If you learn how to use these clues, you
    can save yourself a trip to the dictionary,
    increase your vocabulary, and improve your
    reading comprehension. 

4
CONTEXT CLUES
THERE ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONTEXT CLUES
Definition Restatement or Synonym Contrast or
Antonym Comparison Example List or Series Cause
and Effect Description or Inference

5
DEFINITION
  • The unknown word is equated to a more familiar
    word or phrase usually a form of to be is used.
  • EXAMPLES
  • Entomology is the study of insects.
  • Archaeology is the scientific study of
    prehistoric cultures by excavation of their
    remains.

6
RESTATEMENT ORSYNONYM
  • The meaning is usually right after the
    unfamiliar word and often separated from the rest
    of the sentence with commas, dashes, or
    parentheses sometimes, or that is, or in other
    words is used.

EXAMPLES Meat eaters, that is carnivores, are
at the top of the food chain. The
goslings--those fuzzy baby geese--waddled after
their mother. She enjoyed biology (the study of
living things).
7
CONTRAST OR ANTONYM
  • The unfamiliar word is shown to be different
    from or unlike another word, and is often an
    opposite but, however, although, otherwise,
    unless, instead, on the contrary, on the other
    hand, while, never, no, or not may be used to
    signal contrast.

EXAMPLE Mikes parrot was loquacious, but
Marias said very little.
8
COMPARISON
  • The unfamiliar word is shown to be the same as
    or like another word too, like, as, similar to,
    or in the same way may be used to signal the
    comparison.

EXAMPLE My brother is enthralled by birds
similar to the way that I am fascinated by
insects.
9
EXAMPLE
  • The unfamiliar word is cleared up by giving an
    example for instance, such as, and for example
    may be used as signals.

EXAMPLE The archeologist found different
amulets, such as a rabbits foot and bags of
herbs, near the ancient altar.
10
LIST OR SERIES
  • The unfamiliar word is included in a
  • series of related words that give an
  • idea of the words meaning.

EXAMPLE North American predators include
grizzly bears, pumas, wolves, and foxes.
11
CAUSE AND EFFECT
  • The meaning of an unfamiliar word
  • is signaled by a cause-and-effect
  • relationship between ideas in the
  • text.

EXAMPLE Due to a dearth of termites, the
aardvark starved to death.
12
DESCRIPTION ORINFERENCE
  • The meaning of an unfamiliar word
  • can be inferred from the description
  • of a situation or experience.

EXAMPLE The monkeys vociferous chatter
made me wish I had earplugs.
13
CONTEXT CLUES PRACTICE
  • Read each sentence or paragraph and circle
  • the correct answer.
  • The archeologist carefully removed the tome from
    its ancient
  • resting and proceeded to read the pages related
    to marriage in
  • ancient Greece. What does the word tome probably
    mean?
  • a. Pen b. weapon c. book
    d. sausage
  • The Navajo language is an unwritten language of
    extreme
  • complexity with no alphabet or symbols, and is
    spoken only on
  • the lands of the Navajo Nation in the American
    Southwest. During
  • World War II a Navajo code was created for the
    U.S. Navy. This
  • code was virtually undecipherable to anyone
    except Navajo
  • speaking persons. What does the word virtually
    probably mean?
  • a. Pleasant b. almost
    c. never d. always

14
CONTEXT CLUES PRACTICE Cont.
  • 3. Lakes occupy less than two percent of the
    Earths surface, yet
  • they help sustain life. For instance, lakes give
    us fish to eat, irrigate
  • crops, and generate electrical power. What does
    the word sustain
  • probably mean?
  • a. support b. obstruct c.
    prolong d. destroy

4. The ancient Greeks pioneered many of the
kinds of writing we consider standard today. They
wrote speeches, plays, poems, books about
science and learning, long histories of the
things that happened to them. What does the word
pioneered probably mean? a. complicated b.
developed c. destroyed d. explored
15
CONTEXT CLUES PRACTICE Cont.
  • 5. Fifty-five mostly prominent, male delegates
    attended the Philadelphia Convention in 1787.
    About seventy-five percent of the delegates had
    served in Congress and others were important
    people in their home states. These men are often
    referred to as the Framers of the Constitution.
    What does the word prominent probably mean?
  • a. unimportant b. unknown c. common
    d. important

6. Bats that eat fruit and nectar spread seeds
and help flowers grow. Without bats many
important plants would not thrive. What does
the word thrive probably mean? a. flourish
b. die c. wither d.
deteriorate
16
THE END
  • QUESTIONS?
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