DROUGHT%20RELIEF%20PROGRAMME

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WATER POLLUTION AND CHALLENGES PRESENTATION 4
JUNE 2008
WATER SERVICES DEPARTMENT
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WATER QUALITY ISSUES IN WSDP

• The WSDP mentions the following water quality
  problems
• Umfolozi Catchment
• Pollution from sewage plants into the Klipfontein
  Dam creating eutrophication problems and toxic
  blooms. No funds to properly correct this
  problem.
• Coal mining has negative impact on WQ in upper
  reaches
• Pollution from agriculture and humans leading to
  high ammonia, nitrate and phosphate levels
• Mkuze/Hluhluwe Catchments
• Sedimentation rates high
• Coal mining has negative impact on WQ in upper
  reaches
• The coastal aquifer is susceptible to
  contamination due to high permeability of sands
• High salinity in lower Mkhuze catchment
• Pongola Catchment
• Saline and nutrient enriched return flows from
  irrigation
• Groundwater can be saline on the Makhatini Flats

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WATER QUALITY ISSUES IN WSDP

• Way to address these issues
• Non point source pollution must be assessed and
  strategies developed to curb this. This requires
  national, WMA, and catchment level approaches to
  over irrigation and excessive fertilisation
• Mine licensing, operations and closure policies
  need to be considered and managed. Staff and
  resources need to be allocated to achieve this
• Proper supervision of borehole drilling will
  greatly reduce the chances of saline water being
  encountered and will improve the borehole
  developments

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CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED

• The large backlog in water and sanitation
  services
• This leads to people still being reliable on
  untreated surface water sources and in some cases
  even shallow wells in the Umhlabuyalingana LM
• These water sources are prone to faecal
  contamination
• The shortage of funding to implement projects
• The vast area of the District Municipality
• This leads to high implementation costs and
  logistical problems
• A shortage of sustainable raw water sources
• Extended drought conditions experienced in the
  district
• Skills shortages

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WATER QUALITY AREAS OF CONCERN

• Due to some areas reliance on untreated surface
  water the DM has always had a high risk of
  cholera outbreaks in times of flooding
• This is being addressed by addressing the backlog
  in water services as shown in previous slides
• Mtubatuba Water Treatment Works is under
  capacitated and has to deal with high levels of
  manganese
• This is being addressed by sourcing funding from
  the DBSA for an upgrade of the system
• Hand dug wells in the Manguzi area in the sandy
  conditions that become contaminated from Pit
  Latrines nearby
• This is being addressed by the Kwangwanase and
  Enkanyezini and other large CWSS
• High levels of iron in boreholes in Manguzi Area
• These boreholes are going to be used for the
  Kwangwanase CWSS and will be pumped to a
  specially designed Water Treatment Works

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Relationships Between Role-players

• DWAF National is working with DM on the Water
  Conservation and Demand Management Project
• DWAF Province is running training workshops with
  the DM on water quality management and reporting
• We are currently establishing an ME Unit through
  a DWAF initiated project

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Awareness Programmes

• Programmes with the Dept of Health are undertaken
  throughout the district that address the
  following
• User education for VIPs
• Education on washing hands (local wash campaigns)
• Water conservation and demand management (incl.
  Water quality)
• PHAST
• Monthly community meetings with stakeholders

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Monthly Reports to DWAF
Municipality Jozini Municipality  
Sample Point Description Jozini WTW Final Makhonyeni WTW Final
Sample ID KZUMJO-001 KZUMJO-002
Sample Date 2008/01/15 2008/01/15
Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) 122.0 120.0
Calcium (aesthetic/operational) (mg/L as Ca) 18.0 18.0
Calcium Carbonate Dissolution Potential (mg/L as CaCO3) c c
Electrical Conductivity (aesthetic) (mS/m) 30.0 31.0
Faecal Coliforms (health) (count per 100 mL) 0.0 0.0
Free Chlorine Residual (operational) (mg/L) 1.5 1.6
Iron (aesthetic/operational) (mg/L as Fe) 0.1 0.2
Fluoride (health) (mg/L as F-) 0.3 0.4
Calcium Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 46 44
Magnesium Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 62 70
Total Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 108 114
Heterotrophic Plate Count (operational) (count per 1 mL) 1 1
Magnesium (aesthetic/health) (mg/L as Mg) 15 17.0
pH (aesthetic/operational) (pH units) 7.9 7.9
Total Coliforms (operational) (count per 100 mL) 0 0
Total Dissolved Solids (aesthetic) (mg/L) 192 198
Temperature (º C) c c
Turbidity (aesthetic/operational/indirect health) (NTU) 0.6 434
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Most Prominent Treatment Facilities
Umhlabuyalingana LM Manguzi WTW
Umhlabuyalingana LM Shemula WTW
Umhlabuyalingana LM Mseleni WTW
Umhlabuyalingana LM Mbazwana WTW
Jozini LM Mkuze WTW
Jozini LM Ubombo WTW
Jozini LM Makhatini Schemes
Jozini LM Jozini WTW
Jozini LM Nondabuya WTW
Big 5 False Bay LM Hluhluwe WTW
Big 5 False Bay LM Hluhluwe Masibambane WTW
Hlabisa LM Hlabisa WTW
Hlabisa LM Nkolonkotha WTW
Mtubatuba LM Mtubatuba WTW
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Funds Available for Water Quality Issues

• The shortage of funds is seen as the biggest
  restriction in addressing water quality and
  quantity issues
• The backlog in providing potable water has the
  biggest negative impact on water quality issues
  as people are reliant on untreated raw water
  sources
• With current cash flow projections the backlog
  for the Umkhanyakude DM will be addressed by the
  2019/2020 financial year
• This is based on current MIG cash flow
  allocations

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Equitable Share Allocation
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Funds Available for Water Quality Issues Cont.

• The high operational costs of running the water
  treatment plants and other water related
  operations vs the small amount of revenue being
  generated means that there are few funds
  available to address the backlog

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Technical and Scientific Skills

• An interim agreement has been in place appointing
  Mhlathuze Water as the WSP for the Operations and
  Maintenance of all schemes in the district
• Linked to this Mhlathuze has been involved in the
  operations of the existing Water Treatment Works
  throughout the district
• Mhlathuze has an in-house laboratory
• Umkhanyakude has appointed WSSA to operate the
  Mtubatuba WTW as well as other package plants in
  use

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Assistance Provided From Depts

• DWAF regional works closely with the Umkhanyakude
  DM with the planning and implementation of large
  capital projects and regional master planning
• Mhlathuze Water has been involved with the OM of
  schemes in the district through a partnership
  agreement with the DM
• DPLG through the DLGTA has supported the DM with
  funding for programmes such as Drought Relief,
  Project Consolidate and Feasibility Studies for
  water supply schemes
• The Dept of Health Environmental has been
  actively involved with sanitation awareness
  campaigns and PHAST