INFORMS - Boca

1
INFORMS - Boca

• Design Strategies for Opaque and
• All-Optical DWDM Networks
• By
• Giray Birkan (SMU)
• Eli Olinick (SMU)
• Augustyn Ortynski (Nortel)
• Gheorghe Spiride (Nortel)
• Jeff Kennington (SMU)

2
New Ideas

• Considers Polarization Mode Dispersion
• Considers Uneven Hut Spacing
• Considers a Cost Function With Detailed Equipment
  Types (amplifiers, regenerators, multiplexers
  etc.)
• Considers 11 Protection
• Considers 1N Protection
• Considers Moving Regenerators To Nodes

3
Assume The Fiber Exist And Determine The
Equipment Needed To Light It
4
Origin Node
Destination Node
hut 3
OXC
OXC
hut 1
hut 2
hut 4
?1
D M U X
D M U X
M U X
M U X
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
?20
(?1 - ? 20)
(?1 - ? 20)
TE
TE
A Simple Link With Amplification and Regeneration
for 20 Wavelengths
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Optical Reach 150 kmMax Spans 4
Link Budget Max Spans Link Budget Max Spans Link Budget Max Spans
162 1 130 9 114 17
158 2 128 10 112 18
154 3 126 11 110 19
150 4 124 12 108 20
146 5 122 13 106 21
142 6 120 14 104 22
138 7 118 15 102 23
134 8 116 16 100 24
Amplify in at most 150, Regen after at most 3 Amps
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link
segment
segment
span
span
span
Origin Node
Destination Node
A
A
A
A
150km
150km
150km
150km
150km
150km
A Link Architecture that Satisfies the Rule for
a Link Budget of 150 km.
7
Polarization Mode Dispersion (DPMD2)(dist) lt K
segment
Origin Node O/E/O conversion
Destination Node O/E/O conversion
Intermediate node 1 no O/E/O conversion
Intermediate node 2 no O/E/O conversion
DPMD1
DPMD2
DPMD3
fiber type 1
fiber type 2
fiber type 3
d1 km
d2 km
d3 km
(DPMD1)2(d1) (DPMD2)2(d2) (DPMD3)2(d3) lt K
8
Unequal Hut Spacing
Link and segment
span
span
span
Amplification
Amplification
Glassthrough
Origin Node O/E/O conversion
Destination Node O/E/O conversion
hut 1
hut 2
hut 3
62 km
64 km
55 km
73 km
119 km
Amplification Requirements using a Link Budget of
120
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The DWDM Design Problem

• Given the network topology with known hut
  locations, the point-to-point demands with known
  routings, and DPMD values associated with each
  span, determine the choice of an optimum link
  budget for each link and least cost equipment
  configuration to satisfy the point-to-point
  demands and polarization mode dispersion
  restrictions.
• Extensions involve protection and network
  availability.

10
The Two Design Strategies

• Opaque Design O/E/O Conversion At Every Node
• All Optical Design O/E/O Conversion Only When
  Required
• Link Budget and or PMD Determines O/E/O
  Conversion

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supply
d1
dn
d2
0
dn1
Origin Node With Amplification hut 0
Destination Node With Amplification hut n1
x0
x1
x2
x3
hut n
hut 2
hut 1
y2
y1
yn
yo
yn1
Sink
demand
-?i di
Hut Selection Network Model
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Opaque Design Decomposes On Links

• For each Link Budget, solve the IP to determine
  the huts where equipment will be located. Then
  determine the equipment configuration that must
  be placed in the huts. Calculate the link cost
  and save the best.
• This requires solving (24)(E) small IPs no
  big problem.

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All-Optical Design

• Using the same huts, determine equipment for each
  o-d pair. That is, go as far as possible before
  regeneration. Then determine the equipment cost.

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Example Network
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Equipment Cost

• Equipment Wavelengths Cost/Unit
• TE 1 75
• R 1 130
• A 1 20 100
• A 21 40 150
• A 41 80 200
• MUX/DMUX 1 20 120
• MUX/DMUX 21 40 180
• MUX/DMUX 41 80 240

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Demands For Example

• Demand Demand Wavelengths Routing
• Pair (o,d) In ?s
• (1,5) 35 1-35 1-3-5
• (1,6) 40 36-75 1-3-5-6
• (6,3) 30 76-105 6-4-3
• (2,5) 25 106-130 2-4-3-5
• (2,3) 70 131-200 2-1-3

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1
3
5
2
4
6
Demand Routings
18
The Opaque Network Design (930TEs, 37As, 18
MUX/DMUX, Total Cost 79,920)
19
TE
TE
OXC
OXC
40
A
80
A
80
A
80
80
A
A
TE
Node 1
Node 2
Local Ports
Local Ports
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
OXC
OXC
80
80
A
A
40
A
80
A
80
A
20
A
80
A
40
A
Local Ports
Node 4
TE
Node 3
TE
Opaque Network Design for Nodes 1 - 4
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Figure 14. US Test Network
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Test Problems

• Number Seed Demand Ave Total
• Pairs
  Hops Demand
• 1 920 100 3.80 4053
• 2 378 100 3.92 4327
• 3 092 100 4.04 4028
• 18 816 250 3.81 9045
• 19 972 250 3.93 9072
• 20 680 250 4.01 9540

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Empirical Analysis

• Prob Time Opaque All-Optical
• In CPLEX Cost Time Time Cost
  Reduction
• 1 22 sec 2.96M 279 sec 4 sec 32
• 2 16 3.22M 209 3 33
• 5 22 2.94M 273 4 34
• 8 16 4.52M 313 5 33
• 11 16 5.67M 251 5 33
• 14 23 5.95M 346 7 32
• 17 16 7.19M 273 6 33
• 20 23 sec 7.05M 380 sec 9 sec 32

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16 Cost Savings
North American Network
24
1
3
5
2
4
6
Unavailability 73 Min/Year
Cost 43,120
Working and Protection Routings For 11 Dedicated
Protection
25
1
3
5
2
4
6
Not used Working Protection 1 Protection 2
Unavailability 9.2 Min/Year
Cost 65,720
Working and Protection Routings For 12 Dedicated
Protection
26
1
3
5
2
4
6
Not used Working Protection 1 Protection
2 Protection 3 (Leased)
Unavailability 8.3 Min/Year
Owned 65,720 Leased 14,663 Total 80,383
Working and Protection Routings For 13 Dedicated
Protection
27
1
3
5
2
4
6
Not used Working Protection 1 Protection
2 Protection 3 (Leased) Protection 4 (Leased)
Unavailability 8.3 Min/Year
Owned 65,720 Leased 31,925 Total 97,645
Working and Protection Routings For 14 Dedicated
Protection