Heba Nageh Gad EL-Hak - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 9
About This Presentation
Title:

Heba Nageh Gad EL-Hak

Description:

Effect of Nanoparticle treatment on trihalomethane toxicity induced on experimental animals Presented by Heba Nageh Gad EL-Hak Assistant Lecturer- Zoology Department ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:108
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 10
Provided by: CM69
Category:
Tags: compounds | gad | hak | heba | metals | nageh

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Heba Nageh Gad EL-Hak


1
Effect of Nanoparticle treatment on
trihalomethane toxicity induced on experimental
animals
  • Presented by
  • Heba Nageh Gad EL-Hak
  • Assistant Lecturer- Zoology Department Faculty of
    Science

2
What are the trihalomethane?
  • Trihalomethanes (THMs) are chemical compounds in
    which three of the four hydrogen atoms of methane
    (CH4) are replaced by halogen atoms.
  • Many trihalomethanes uses in industry as solvents
    or refrigerants. THMs are also environmental
    pollutants, and many are considered carcinogenic.

3
How it is formed?
  • Trihalomethanes are formed from the reaction of
    chlorine or bromine which is used to disinfect
    water for drinking with organic matter present in
    the water being treated.

4
  • formed in swimming pools which are disinfected
    with chlorine or hypochlorite in the haloform
    reaction with organic substances (e.g. urine,
    sweat, hair and skin particles). Some of the THMs
    are quite volatile and may easily vaporize into
    the air. This makes it possible to inhale THMs
    while showering, for example. The EPA, however,
    has determined that this exposure is minimal
    compared to that from consumption.
  • In swimmers, uptake of THMs is greatest via the
    skin with dermal absorption accounting for 80 of
    THM uptake. Exercising in a chlorinated pool
    increases the toxicity of a "safe" chlorinated
    pool atmospherewith toxic effects of chlorine
    byproducts.

5
What are Nanoparticles?
  • A nanoparticle is a small object that behaves as
    a whole unit in terms of its transport and
    properties.
  • Nanotechnology is an emerging and fast-growing
    technology. Currently, there are thousand of
    nanotechnology-based products on the market.
  • There are several chemical methods to synthesize
    nanoparticles of gold, silver, and iron oxide, as
    co-precipitation or thermal decomposition. But
    physical methods either are not widely known or
    publicized. There is the laser ablation in a
    liquid medium, which can obtain any type of
    nanoparticles, but lasers for this technique are
    expensive.

6
  • In the area of water purification, nanotechnology
    offers the possibility of an efficient removal of
    pollutants and germs.
  • Today nanoparticles, nanomembrane and nanopowder
    used for detection and removal of chemical and
    biological substances include metals (e.g.
    Cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc),
    nutrients (e.g. Phosphate, ammonia, nitrate and
    nitrite), cyanide, organics, algae (e.g.
    cyanobacterial toxins) viruses, bacteria,
    parasites and antibiotics.
  • Basically four classes of nanoscale materials
    that are being evaluated as functional materials
    for water purification e.g. metal-containing
    nanoparticles, carbonaceous nanomaterials,
    zeolites and dendrimers. Carbon nanotubes and
    nanofibers also show some positive result.

7
  • Nanomaterials reveal good result than other
    techniques used in water treatment because of its
    high surface area (surface/volume ratio). It is
    suggested that these may be used in future at
    large scale water purification.

8
  • Nanoparticle Applications in Medicine
  • The surface change of protein filled
    nanoparticles has been shown to affect the
    ability of the nanoparticle to stimulate immune
    responses.
  • Researchers at Rice University have demonstrated
    that cerium oxide nanoparticles act as an
    antioxidant to remove oxygen free radicals that
    are present in a patient's bloodstream following
    a traumatic injury. The nanoparticles absorb the
    oxygen free radicals and then release the oxygen
    in a less dangerous state, freeing up the
    nanoparticle to absorb more free radicals.

9
  • The present study is carried out to investigate
    the possible protective role of nanoparticle in
    decrease the toxicity induced by the
    trihalomethane on experimental animal.
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com