SAFETY

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SAFETY

• ACCT-BVP1-3. Students will understand and follow
  safety procedures when working with TV equipment.
• a.) State general safety rules for operation of
  equipment and learning activities.
• b.) Perform safe practices when working on
  assignments.
• c.) Transport equipment safely and securely.

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Safety

• BE SAFE, BE SMART! It is not only your right to
  be
• safe, but your responsibility to protect yourself
  and
• others from hazards. Always mount your
  productions
• safely and legally, observing all the regulations
  for
• your school and the laws governing your location.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ELECTRICITY
• Electricity can kill and cause fires and
  explosions. Never interfere with electrical
  systems or overload circuits. Portable electrical
  equipment (anything with a plug) must be suitable
  and safe for use, regularly inspected and tested
  by competent people and accompanied by requisite
  records/certificates. Keep drink/fluids away from
  electrical equipment.
• Electricity can inflict electric shock and burns.
  Work on electrical systems must only be done by
  trained and competent people.
• Electrical equipment must be suitable for its
  work in terms of strength and capability,
  especially in film/TV, where equipment is
  regularly used in temporary installations.
• Always plan for the amount and type of power
  required. Generators must provide the right
  power, voltage and switching ability. Where
  multiple-phase supply is used, keep cables and
  appliances on each leg far enough away from each
  other to avoid the risk of someone receiving a
  double electric shock across different phases.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?ELECTRICITY AT WORK
• ? Work on electrical systems must only be done by
  competent individuals. All conductors, equipment
  as well as cables, must be properly insulated and
  adequately earthed. Circuit breakers such as
  residual current devices (RCDs) must be used, but
  not as substitutes for fundamental safety
  measures (e.g. grounding or insulation).

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?Slips, Trips, and Falls
• ? On set or in a studio, there are many cords
  cables. Cables must be safely routed or covered
  to prevent trips or falls and to protect the
  integrity and insulation.
• ? When working on scaffolding, ladders, and other
  high places make sure you are properly secured
  and always work with a spotter in case of falls.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?Cable Wrapping 101
• One of the most important things you can learn is
  how to wrap cables for your sound system. A
  properly wrapped cable will not only lay flat
  without any loops to trip your musicians, but the
  wire itself will last longer since there's less
  stress on the conductors. And that means fewer
  sound failures during a worship service,
  something we can all aspire to. Perhaps the most
  common method is called an over-under shop wrap.
  This procedure pre-twists the wire clockwise and
  counterclockwise with each loop, so the
  cable will lay out without any twists.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• Start with the male XLR connector in your left
  hand and make a clockwise loop of the cable with
  your right hand.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• Make a full circle and catch the cable in your
  left hand to complete the "over" loop.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• Now move your right hand out about 2 feet along
  the cable and start pushing back at your left
  hand a bit, twisting the cable counterclockwise
  in your right hand.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• Bring this new loop under the front edge of the
  newly forming coil.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• Catch this new loop with your left hand to
  complete the coil.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• Start again with the over loop.... then an under
  loop... then an over loop
•  
• Rinse.... Repeat

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GENERAL SAFETY

• Once you're finished with all the loops, use a
  Velcro cable lock to keep it from uncoiling.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?WORKING AT HEIGHT
• ?Falls from height are the single most common
  cause of death at work.
• Suitable steps must be taken to prevent anyone
  being struck or being
• injured by a falling object. Any situation with a
  risk of falling two meters
• (about six feet) or more is particularly
  hazardous. If someone could fall
• more than two meters there must be a safe working
  platform, a guardrail
• at waist high, toe-boards (if necessary) and
  barriers. There should be an
• exclusion zone immediately below the platform.
  Where any of these are
• not possible, a personal safety line with belt or
  harness is required.
• Equipment suspended at height eg, lights,
  lighting accessories should have its own
  independent safety bonds to prevent it from
  falling. Scaffolding and rigging must only be
  done by suitably qualified, competent people.
• Special rules apply to mobile work platforms and
  other lifting equipment, and ladders.
• Where necessary, hard hats and safety shoes
  should be worn.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?LIFTING AND OTHER WORK EQUIPMENT
• ?Never struggle to lift something, if you have to
  struggle, it is to heavy and you should get help.
• ?Properly lift all equipment as some equipment
  may be damaged if they are improperly picked up
  and moved.
• ?Lift with your legs, not your back.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?LIFTING AND OTHER WORK EQUIPMENT
• ?Important rules apply to the design, guarding,
  sitting, installation, inspection, use,
  maintenance and repair of work equipment,
  including lifting and mobile work equipment.
  Individuals in control of tools, machinery and
  other work equipment and how, when and where they
  are used, are now legally responsible for their
  safe operation to the extent of their control.
  1st Assistant directors (Ads) must be clear who
  is in control (or shared control) of equipment on
  set.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?MANUAL HANDLING
• Work involving lifting, pushing, pulling or
  moving a load may cause harm by damaging muscles,
  tendons and other soft tissues. Risks increase
  with fatigue or cold, awkward or heavy loads,
  repeated handling, pregnancy or previous back
  problems. Employers should assess and plan
  lifting operations. They must
• ? avoid hazardous handling wherever practicable
  (eg, redesigning tasks or loads)
• ? assess unavoidable risks, taking account of
  individual capability
• ? reduce risks eg, using appropriate lifting
  equipment avoiding trip hazards or obstacles
  ensuring that pregnant women and people with past
  back injuries dont move hazardous loads working
  in teams, or breaking up large loads into smaller
  manageable loads
• ? provide training in safe manual handling
  techniques.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• NOISE
• Employers must reduce noise levels as far as
  practicable, assess and record high noise levels,
  and inform people of results. They must provide
  protective equipment and mark compulsory ear
  protection zones.
• At noise levels at or above 85 dB(A) averaged
  over eight hours, employers must provide
  employees/students with ear protection on
  request.
• At noise levels at or above 90 dB(A) over eight
  hours or very loud noises (eg, explosions) over
  140 dB, employers must provide employees/students
  with ear protection and they must wear it.

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GENERAL SAFETY
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GENERAL SAFETY

• WORKING TIME AND STRESS
• Long working hours can cause fatigue and stress.
  Cumulative effects can make you more prone to
  errors and accidents, infections or long term ill
  health, or falling asleep at the wheel.
• Working hours should not put your health safety
  or welfare at risk.
• Most people should not work more than 12 hours a
  day, Additional hours are voluntary.
• By law you are entitled to rest breaks.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?CANTEEN AND REFRESHMENT FACILITIES
• Special dietary requirements should be catered
  for and meal/refreshment breaks provided at
  regular intervals.
• Drinking water should be available at all times
  dehydration is a health risk.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
• You are entitled by law to information about any
  hazardous substances involved in your work and to
  protection from any risks involved.
• COSHH assessments must be carried out by
  productions in advance.
• Risks of infection, sensitization or allergy must
  also be adequately assessed and controlled.
• Exposure to dust, smoke or fumes created for
  effects should be without risk to health and
  controlled at all times.
• It is important that you are informed in advance
  of any substances that might adversely affect
  you, including those related to particular
  locations or working with animals.
• Some people are more susceptible than others to
  risks from hazardous substances, especially
  children, the elderly and pregnant women, and
  people who are asthmatic or sensitized to certain
  substances.
• Particular care should be taken to protect
  pregnant women and young children when working
  with or near animals.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• BULLYING, HARASSMENT AND STRESS AT WORK
• You are entitled to a work environment free from
  harassment, bullying or other inappropriate
  behavior. Risk assessments should include
  measures to prevent and reduce work related
  stress and promote good working relationships.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• IF THINGS GO WRONG
• Always report accidents and near-misses to your
  instructor or onsite supervisor.
• If you think there is a production health and
  safety problem, tell whoever is in charge.
• Report any dangers to yourself or others put it
  in writing.
• Dont delay there is no point in waiting for an
  accident or injury to happen.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?WAITING AREAS
• While on the job, you should be provided with
• ? temporary seating and rest facilities long
  periods of standing should be avoided
• ? protection from the elements (especially strong
  sunlight, wind or draughts, rain and cold, etc)
  with adequate heating, lighting, ventilation, and
  drying facilities if needed
• ? ready access to clean sanitary and washing
  facilities and private changing areas.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?Fire prevention
• ? Design and construction should not compromise
  emergency procedures and/or fire precautions
  (including fire lanes, grids, ventilation, etc)
  sets must never obstruct fire lanes, signs or
  emergency exits
• ? carry out fire risk assessments and implement
  preventive measures such as fire escape routes
• ? always specify that materials are fire
  retardant or flame-proofed and appropriate fire
  protection measures have been provided
• ? always consult the fire officer on site on all
  fire prevention measures.

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GENERAL SAFETY

• ?Warnings and signage
• ? where risks cannot be eliminated, appropriate
  signage markings/warnings must be put in place.

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OFFICE/CLASSROOM PRODUCTION SUPPORT SAFETY

• ?noise, interruptions and other stressors
• ? lack of screen breaks or physical exercise
• ? prolonged lack of fresh air or natural light
• ? radiation emissions (particularly from screen
  backs and sides) a possible further cause of
  stress and ill-health, especially during
  pregnancy.
• Whether you are a permanent employee or
  freelance, or working on someone elses premises,
  your employer must ensure that workstations are
  properly set up.
• Flexible workstation design, capable of
  individual adjustment, is essential where
  workstations are shared or used by freelance or
  temporary workers.
• Employees/students are entitled to free eye tests
  at the employers expense.

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OFFICE/CLASSROOM PRODUCTION SUPPORT SAFETY

• ?Remember to
• ? adjust your chair and monitor height
• ? avoid twisting, stooping or slouching postures
• ? use a footrest if necessary
• ? consider wrist rests to keep wrists horizontal
  and reduce arm strain
• ? take regular breaks, ideally five minutes in
  every 30 minutes
• ? vary tasks get up and move around (ie, avoid
  other close work). Try alternating with phone
  calls, photocopying, visiting other areas, etc
• ? do regular stretching and relaxation exercises,
  and encourage others to do the same.
• ? NEVER work round the clock or through pain.
  Simple adjustments to workstations and/or
  equipment may help seek competent advice. Your
  employer must provide health and safety
  information, training and instruction in how to
  recognize these issues and avoid problems. Never
  ignore symptoms such as numbness or tingling in
  the fingers, wrists report them and get advice
  on preventing Carpel Tunnel Syndrome. The earlier
  you do so, the less likely you are to suffer
  long-term problems.

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OFFICE/CLASSROOM PRODUCTION SUPPORT SAFETY

• ?LONE WORKING
• ?You may find yourself working alone or
  travelling alone. Lone workers, especially women,
  may be vulnerable to unwelcome advances from
  petty harassment to physical assault.
• Isolated activities including leaving the
  workplace alone should be avoided. Premises
  should be soundly constructed, with locks on
  doors and windows, with secure and well-lit
  access and egress (including parking areas).
• Where lone working or travelling is unavoidable,
  security provision and good communications are
  essential including mobile phones, regular
  telephone check-ins, alarms and emergency
  hotlines.
• Some individuals may wish to carry personal
  protective items, eg, pepper sprays, rape alarms,
  etc.
• Employers should minimize lone working and
  protect against risks by always planning for
  personal security, increasing staffing levels,
  rescheduling working hours or providing adequate
  security cover as necessary.

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FIRST ASSISTANT DIRECTOR

• ?Always plan for the amount and type of power
  required. Generators must provide the right
  power, voltage, and switching ability.
• Where multiple phase supply is used, keep cables
  and appliances on each leg far enough away from
  each other to avoid the possibility of someone
  receiving a double electric shock across
  different phases.
• All conductors and equipment, as well as cables,
  must be properly insulated and adequately
  earthed. Circuit breakers, such as residual
  current devices (RCDs), must be used, but not as
  a substitute for fundamental safety measures (eg,
  grounding/insulation).
• Cables must be safely routed or covered to
  prevent trips or falls and to protect the
  integrity and insulation. Keep cable runs as
  short as possible. Never overheat cables by
  running them close to heat sources or by running
  power through them while coiled or tied up.
• Ensure all equipment is inspected and tested
  regularly by supplier(s) and before use
  especially equipment used on temporary
  installations, which is likely to suffer heavy
  wear and tear. Plugs and connectors used on
  location should be rugged and built for
  protection against the weather.
• Emergency lighting must have its own independent
  power source so that a fault in one system cannot
  jeopardize the other.

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CAMERA GRIPS SAFETY

• All conductors, equipment and cables must be
  suitably insulated and grounded. Circuit breakers
  such as residual current devices (RCDs) must be
  used, but not as substitutes for fundamental
  safety measures.
• Route cables safely or cover them to prevent
  trips or falls and protect their integrity and
  insulation. Keep cable runs as short as possible.
  ever overheat cables by running them close to
  heat sources or using them coiled or tied up.

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CAMERA GRIPS SAFETY

• Ensure all equipment is inspected and tested
  regularly by the supplier(s) equipment used on
  temporary installations often suffers heavy wear
  and tear. Plugs and connectors used on location
  should be rugged and built for protection against
  the weather.
• Emergency lighting must be independently powered
  so that a fault in one system cannot jeopardize
  the other.

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CAMERA GRIPS SAFETY

• Carbon arc and discharge lamps should have
  protective glass against UV radiation. Crew may
  need glasses. Strobe lights can trigger epileptic
  seizures. Keep flickers at or below four flashes
  per second avoid the most dangerous frequency
  of around 17 flashes per second. Fit wheels to
  heavy lighting stands for easy movement. Once in
  position, lock them off and secure to an
  immovable object.

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CAMERA GRIPS SAFETY

• Planning should avoid unreasonable schedules,
  food or sleep deprivation and unnecessary
  retakes, especially those involving stressful or
  tiring activities.
• If there is no accessible public transport,
  alternative transport should be provided from the
  workplace.
• Everyone is entitled to work free from
  harassment, bullying or abuse.
• Risk assessments should include measures to
  prevent work-related stress and promote good
  working relationships.

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CAMERA GRIPS SAFETY

• Do not move from place to place with the camera
  mounted on the tripod.
• Designate one person to take responsibility for
  the camcorder and tripod at all times. That
  person is never to leave the immediate area of
  the equipment.
• If you are hand-holding the camcorder, never set
  it down on anything except its tripod. It is
  easy to grab a camera from a table or a sidewalk
  and run. It is much harder and more conspicuous
  to snatch both camera and tripod. Also, the
  tripod makes the camera more visible, so it is
  less likely to be bumped or knocked to the
  ground.

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CAMERA GRIPS SAFETY

• Detach the camcorder from the tripod when
  transporting them. If the camcorder has a
  handle, never use it to lift both camera and
  tripod together. The handle is not strong enough
  to carry the weight of both pieces.
• Always protect the camcorder from the weather.
  Keep it out of hot sun except when actually
  shooting. Do not allow it to get wet,
  particularly the delicate glass of the zoom lens.
  Plastic bags can be used to cover your camera if
  you are caught off guard in the rain, just poke a
  hole in the bag to get a clear shot.

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CAMERA GRIPS SAFETY

• LIGHTING
• Lamps and lighting equipment should be inspected
  and tested before and after use.
• Lighting equipment should be secured to suitable
  stands, scaffolds, etc. Lights and detachable
  parts (e.g. barn doors) should have independent
  safety chains or wire bonds as well as their
  clamp or bolt.
• Lamp bulbs liable to shatter or explode should
  have small aperture wire, grills or mesh guards.
  Keep hot lamps away from combustible materials
  and sprinkler-heads

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CAMERA GRIPS SAFETY

• Always USE GLOVES when handling ALL LIGHTS.
• NOTHING can be less than 2 feet in front,
  beside, above, below or behind a
• light with the exception of the lighting stand.
• Repeatedly check to make sure that the section
  of the light touching the stand
• (or your hands) doesnt get hot enough to burn
  either your hands or stand.
• If the light is too hot when you touch it with
  your gloves IT IS TOO HOT! Turn it off and wait
  five minutes before using it again. Just work on
  another light
• during that time.
• When using CHINA BALLS or lamps with SHADES,
  make sure the light bulb
• stays in the middle of the shade and NEVER gets
  close to any of the sides of
• the shade. This is a recipe for disaster. You run
  the risk of either singeing the
• shade, ruining it forever -- or worse -- starting
  a fire.

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CAMERA GRIPS SAFETY

• GRID SAFETY/LIFTING/FLYING
• Only competent personnel should be allowed in the
  grid, or to use lifting or flying equipment.
• All tools used overhead should be suitably
  attached and all overhead equipment (eg,
  lighting) should be independently secured and
  bonded to prevent it falling on people below.
• A clear area should be maintained under any
  overhead working.
• Never compromise the structural integrity of the
  grid or of any flying equipment never exceed
  SWLs (Standard Weight Limits).
• Ensure that all platforms (including audience
  seating) are structurally sound and suitable for
  the purpose.

41
SAFETY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

• MANUAL HANDLING
• Manual handling risks must be assessed and
  avoided where practicable. Check that
• ? the design/set/props can be handled and
  transported safely with instructions on safe
  handling. Design specifications should avoid
  using heavy materials or objects involving manual
  handling risks
• ? all loads are appropriately marked with their
  weight
• ? all necessary equipment and training has been
  provided.

42
SAFETY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

• WORK EQUIPMENT Individuals in control of tools,
  machinery and other work equipment have legal
  responsibilities for their safe operation.
  Special rules apply to mobile and lifting
  equipment.
• If you control the use of tools, machinery or
  other work equipment (including lifting equipment
  and mobile platforms), or share control, you must
  ensure that

43
SAFETY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

• ? risks of relevant work activities have been
  assessed
• ? any work equipment (including lifting
  equipment) and PPE provided is suitable for the
  task and operators concerned work equipment is
  safely designed and installed, sited correctly,
  properly maintained, inspected/examined/tested,
  and used/operated safely and in accordance with
  manufacturers instructions
• ? all operatives are competent and have received
  appropriate training and supervision in the use
  of that work equipment/PPE
• ? electrical systems, guarding and emergency
  stops etc, are safe and meet legal standards and
  requirements
• ? appropriate protective equipment is worn
  whenever and wherever required for safety
  purposes
• ? portable electrical tools and hand tools must
  be safe for use. Wear and tear can affect not
  only the body, but also cable and electrical
  connections. Portable electrical tools should be
  low voltage (max. 110V AC).

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SAFETY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

• ?TESTS, INSPECTION AND RECORDS
• ? Check that any necessary inspections, tests or
  certificates required for work equipment or for
  the set or scenery are carried out after
  installation and before, during, and after use
  and/or handling. Keep relevant records for which
  you are responsible, and provide copies on
  request. Inform the producer of any maintenance,
  inspection, examination or certification required
  to ensure that the set, or any work equipment
  whose use you control, continues to be safe.
  Report any problems, risks, accidents or
  near-misses to the producer (and, if required, to
  the HSE or other enforcing authority)

45
SAFETY FOR BACKGROUND ARTISTS

• ? make-up, costumes or equipment is shared.
  Indoors, workplace temperature and ventilation
  should be comfortable at all times.
• ? Work environments should be suitable for
  make-up and hairdressing, including adequate
  washing, changing, drying and cleaning facilities
  and refuse disposal, with enough space, seating
  and lighting to enable work activities to be
  carried out safely and hygienically.
• ? There should be suitable storage for costumes,
  wigs, etc, without risk of infestation or damp,
  with drying facilities where necessary.
• ? Flooring should be stable, dry and even.
• ? Access to wagons should be safe without trip
  hazards steps should be stable and lit.
• ? Materials, supplies, products and work
  equipment (including aerosol sprays and
  cosmetics) should be free from risks to health
  and safety electrical equipment must be
  properly tested and maintained.

46
SAFETY FOR PAINTERS

• ?any work equipment (including lifting equipment)
  and, if necessary, personal protective equipment
  (PPE) provided, is suitable for the task and for
  the operators concerned
• ? work equipment is safely designed and
  installed, sited correctly, properly maintained,
  inspected/examined/tested, and used/ operated
  safely and in accordance with manufacturers
  instructions, and is accompanied by the requisite
  inspection report or test certificate(s).

47
SAFETY FOR PLASTERERS

• ?Where this is not possible, the duty on the
  employer is to reduce the risk to the lowest
  level reasonably practicable by taking steps such
  as
• ? avoiding slippery floors or obstacles
• ? ensuring that vulnerable individuals eg,
  people with a history of back trouble are not
  required to move loads
• ? working in teams
• ? breaking up large loads into smaller,
  manageable loads.
• Training in good lifting techniques is also
  useful but is not an alternative to these safety
  measures.

48
SAFETY FOR RIGGERS SCAFFOLDERS

• ?Regularly/routinely inspected if there is a
  significant risk from deterioration or
  exceptional circumstances.
• There must be proper systems for inspect,
  maintenance and repair, with records kept and
  supplied where necessary to users and others.
• Work equipment includes tools, machinery and
  other equipment (powered and non-powered) and
  equipment hired in from another company.
  Equipment moved from one place to another must be
  accompanied by an inspection report. Inspections
  must be carried out after installation and before
  use, and then at least annually for lifting
  equipment and at least every six months for
  equipment used to lift people. Written inception
  reports must be kept.
• Special additional rules apply to mobile and/or
  self-controlled remote work equipment, power
  presses, lifting equipment and equipment used to
  carry people. For mobile work equipment, these
  include design, stability, rollover protection,
  protective equipment/harnesses, emergency
  braking, lighting etc.
• Lifting equipment covers lifting equipment and
  any attachments for anchoring, fixing or
  supporting it, including tools used for lifting
  or lowering loads (eg, crowbars). Lifting
  operations must be planned, supervised and
  carried out safely.

49
SAFETY FOR RIGGERS SCAFFOLDERS

• Equipment suspended at height eg, lights,
  lighting accessories should have its own
  independent safety bands to prevent it falling.
• Portable electrical tools (eg, drills) and hand
  tools (eg, screwdrivers) must be suitable and
  safe for use, inspected regularly and repaired
  when necessary. Powered machinery must only be
  operated by trained and competent workers.
• Electricity can kill. Work on electrical systems
  and lighting systems must only be done by
  suitably experienced and competent individuals.
  All conductors, equipment as well as cables, must
  be suitable and safe for use, properly insulated
  and adequately earthed. Circuit breakers, such as
  residual current devices (RCDs) must be used but
  are not substitutes for fundamental safety (eg,
  grounding or insulation). Equipment for use
  outdoors must be suitable and safe for such use.

50
SAFETY FOR STAGEHANDS

• ?lowering loads (eg crowbars). Lifting operations
  must be planned, supervised and carried out
  safely.
• Equipment suspended at heights eg, lights,
  lighting accessories should have its own
  independent safety bonds to prevent it falling.
  Lifting equipment must only be operated by
  trained and competent workers.
• Forklift truck operators could be trained on an
  approved training scheme. They should carry with
  them written proof that they have been trained
  and that their training remains valid.
• Basic safety rules include
• ? work on a level, stable surface
• ? keep away from overhead power lines and
  obstructions
• ? never exceed the safe working load
• ? keep to designated traffic lanes.

51
SAFETY FOR STAGEHANDS

• ?Portable electrical tools (eg, drills) and hand
  tools (eg, screwdrivers) must be suitable and
  safe for use, inspected regularly and repaired
  when necessary. Powered machinery must only be
  operated by trained and competent workers.
• Electricity can kill. Work on electrical systems
  and lighting systems must only be done by
  suitably experienced and competent individuals.
  All conductors, equipment as well as cables, must
  be suitable and safe for use, properly insulated
  and adequately earthed.
• Circuit breakers such as residual current devices
  (RCDs) must be used but are not substitutes for
  fundamental safety (eg, grounding or insulation).
  Equipment for use outdoors must be suitable and
  safe for such use.

52
SAFETY FOR SET DESIGN

• Minimize storage of set props and scenery, as
  they are a fire hazard.
• All suspended sets or scenery should be secured.
• Avoid using glass. Use plexiglass, or sugar
  glass instead. If using regular glass, it should
  be safety glass.

53
SAFETY FOR SET DESIGN

• Scaffolding used as props does not require
  inspection.
• Video walls may collapse and must be adequately
  designed and constructed.
• Counterbalance the wall
• Fasten all monitors to each other and the main
  structure.
• Electrical load should be evaluated.

54
WORKING ON LOCATION

• ?Electrical equipment must be compatible with
  local mains electricity supply systems, and must
  avoid risks such as overload, fire or explosion.
  Battery performance may vary with extremes of
  temperature. Particular care should be taken when
  working in domestic premises, outdoors or on
  derelict sites. Make sure that all equipment is
  inspected and tested regularly by the supplier(s)
  equipment used on temporary installations is
  likely to suffer heavy wear and tear. Plugs and
  connectors used on location should be rugged and
  built for protection against the weather.
  Emergency lighting must be supplied from its own
  independent power source so that a fault in one
  system cannot jeopardize the other.

55
WORKING ON LOCATION

• ?DERELICT SITES AND CONTAMINATED LAND
• Derelict sites and contaminated land expose crew
  and cast to hazards. A full risk assessment must
  be carried out before work starts. Possible risks
  include unstable structures, walls and floors
  broken glass hazardous substances (eg, asbestos,
  lead paint, toxic residues) gas leaks
  contaminated water or land exposed wires and
  electrical hazards biological hazards (eg, bird
  droppings, insect or animal-borne disease,
  infestation) trips and falls. Personal
  protective equipment (eg, hard hats, safety
  shoes) may be required but risks should be
  eliminated at source where possible.

56
WORKING ON LOCATION

• ?INFECTIOUS DISEASES
• If possible avoid locations with a risk of
  infectious disease. Otherwise ensure appropriate
  precautions, allowing the necessary lead-in time.
  Take bottled water if the local supply is
  untrustworthy. The production companys insurance
  should include first aid cover and medical
  evacuation.

57
WORKING ON LOCATION

• ?WATER
• Work on or near rivers, ponds, lakes, and the sea
  presents numerous hazards, notably risks of
  drowning. They include tides and currents
  storms biological/viral hazards (eg, Weils
  disease) cold and hypothermia electric shock
  (DC is safer than AC) collision with underwater
  objects attacks by animals, sharks etc. Suitable
  lifejackets (not buoyancy aids) should always be
  worn, with small jackets for children. Lifelines
  may also be needed. Any boat used for filming
  should be suitable and seaworthy and captained by
  a qualified skipper. Underwater work is covered
  by the Diving Operations at Work Regulations.
  Each job must be controlled by a diving
  contractor registered with the HSE.

58
WORKING ON LOCATION

• ?OTHER LOCATION ISSUES
• Geography, weather and climate should be
  considered seasonal variations, excessive heat
  or cold, wind, altitude, environment, remote
  locations, wildlife, difficult terrain, etc. may
  affect what you can do safely, and when, where
  and how you can do it. At locations exposed to
  extreme weather or climate conditions the
  production company should provide suitable
  special clothing, hot food and drink in cold
  conditions, and ample liquid in hot conditions.
  Work equipment must be safe, suitable, well
  maintained, thoroughly inspected after
  transport/installation, accompanied by
  documentation/ records, and safely operated.
  Different equipment and operating standards may
  apply abroad information must be obtained
  beforehand. Protective clothing is necessary for
  wet, cold and hot weather working. Employers are
  responsible for providing protection suitable for
  the conditions and individual user(s). Costumes
  must provide necessary protection if this is
  not possible, other means of protection are
  essential, using alternative production methods
  or timings if necessary. Hypothermia,
  dehydration, heat exposure and skin cancer can
  kill. Welfare facilities and refreshment are
  important particularly when working in extremes
  of temperature. Uncontaminated drinking water and
  suitable washing and sanitary facilities must
  always be readily available to all concerned.
  Take precautions against risks of food
  contamination.

59
MANAGING THE SHOOTING SESSION

• Do not ask people to perform feats for the camera
  that they would not normally attempt.
  Professional stunt people are highly trained,
  very experienced, and well paid for taking risks.
  Your cast and crew are not.
• Do not put the crew at risk, (say, by hanging out
  over balconies or climbing on high roofs) in
  pursuit of interesting camera angles.

60
MANAGING THE SHOOTING SESSION

• Remember that the videographer is concentrating
  intently on the viewfinder, it is easy for that
  person to run into objects or stumble on stairs.
  An assistant should guide the videographer during
  moving shots.
• Get permission and be courteous when shooting in
  public so that you are not ban from filming in
  certain areas.
• You should not film anyone if you do not have
  written permission to use their image.

61
MANAGING THE SHOOTING SESSION

• Be smart, you are using a video camera that
  captures video and sound. Do not do or say
  anything that you would not be comfortable with
  your parents or an administrator seeing or
  hearing.
• You must tell your teacher where you are going
  before you leave the classroom to film. You must
  be where you said you would be in case your
  teacher or the front office needs to find you.
  You may only be out of the classroom for 20
  minutes at a time.

62
WORKING ABROAD

• ?equipment and supplies (including
  transportation)
• ? personal baggage, money and other effects.
• Check small print for exclusions (eg, items over
  a certain value, specific activities/equipment/are
  as/locations/travel, pregnancy, medical
  conditions or war zones). Insurance must cover
  all work activities, locations and risks.
  Specialist insurance can be arranged never go
  under-insured.
• Ensure easy access to essential documents, as
  well as help and money, in emergencies.
• If choosing to arrive in the country ahead of
  schedule or return later, the extra insurance
  cover is your responsibility.

63
WORKING ABROAD

• ?GETTING THERE
• Working abroad means getting people, equipment
  and supplies there and back again safely. Risk
  assessments should cover any manual handling,
  transport or security risks and hazardous
  substances involved.
• When hiring or driving vehicles abroad, select
  the safest means of transport available. Check
  local regulations and insurance cover.
• Take special precautions and seek expert advice
  when filming covertly or in hostile environments.

64
WORKING ABROAD

• ?SCHEDULES/ITINERARIES
• Scheduling arrangements should take account of
• ? distance, destination and means of transport
• ? how long or tiring the journey is, risks of
  jetlag or fatigue, or allowances needed for
  familiarization or acclimatization
• ? climate and environment
• ? whether planned activities are practicable or
  permitted at all times
• ? schedules must not put health, safety or
  welfare at risk.

65
WORKING ABROAD

• ?WORKING ABROAD
• Geographic and climatic conditions (eg, seasonal
  variations, excessive heat or cold, wind,
  altitude, environment, remote locations,
  wildlife, difficult terrain, etc.) may affect
  what you can do safely, and when, where and how
  you can do it.
• Equipment must be safe, suitable, well
  maintained, thoroughly inspected after
  transport/installation, and accompanied by the
  requisite documentation/records, and safely
  operated. Different equipment and operating
  standards may apply abroad information must be
  obtained beforehand.
• Electrical equipment must be compatible with
  local mains electricity supply systems. Battery
  performance may vary with extremes of
  temperature.
• Protective clothing is necessary for wet, cold
  and hot weather working. Employers are
  responsible for providing protection suitable for
  the conditions and individual user(s). Costumes
  must provide necessary protection if this is
  not possible, other means of protection are
  essential, using alternative production methods
  or timings if necessary. Hypothermia,
  dehydration, heat exposure and skin cancer can
  kill.
• Refreshment is important when working abroad,
  particularly in extremes of temperature.
• Uncontaminated drinking water must always be
  readily available to all concerned. Take
  precautions against risks of food contamination
  if necessary.

66
WORKING ABROAD

• ?COMMUNICATIONS AND LANGUAGE
• Communications are important when working abroad
  and may be necessary with
• ? the employer/production office/UK base
• ? the local embassy/high commission/consulate
• ? local authorities
• ? reliable local help/support
• ? local contracts/interviewees/contributors
• ? other crew/team members.
• Communications may need adapting for languages,
  technical reasons and ensuring co-operation.
  Health and safety information, instructions and
  warning notices must be included. Risk
  assessments may need translation.
• Always leave details (itinerary, flights,
  passport number, etc.) and copies of essential
  documents in a safe place in case of theft or
  emergencies. If travelling alone or under cover,
  special arrangements must be made for regular
  contact and support.

67
WORKING ABROAD

• ?WORKING RELATIONSHIPS
• Work environments should be free of
  discrimination, harassment or bullying. Risk
  assessments should include measures to prevent
  work related stress and promote good working
  relationships.

68
SAFETY

• REMEMBER
• prevention
• is better than
• cure!

69
STUDY QUESTIONS

• Directions On your own paper WRITE the
  following questions and their answers.
• Whos job is it to ensure your safety and others
  safety?
• What kind of dangers does electricity pose?
• Why are slips, trips, and falls especially common
  on a video production set?
• At what height does it become extremely hazardous
  to fall?
• When lifting heavy loads, what body part(s)
  should you lift with?
• What decibel level is considered to be the danger
  zone? Why is it particularly important to
  monitor the volume level on your headphones?
• What are some dangers in working high stress jobs
  and/or long hours?
• What might symptoms such as numbness or tingling
  in the fingers and wrists be a sign of? What
  causes this?
• Why is working by yourself not advisable
  especially for women? What should men do to
  ensure safety?
• Why should cords cables be covered?

70
STUDY QUESTIONS

• Directions On your own paper WRITE the
  following questions and their answers.
• What can strobe lights trigger in some people?
• What are some things you can do to keep the
  camera safe?
• When handling lights, what is the proper safety
  attire, why?
• What is a lighting grid?
• Why is it important to consider your surroundings
  when working on location?
• What type of electrical current is safer when
  working around water?
• Why should you not ask people to perform feats
  for the camera that they would not normally
  attempt.
• Why should an assistant guide the videographer
  during moving shots.
• Why is it important to remember that the camera
  records sound?
• Where should you be if you leave the class to
  film a piece, How long should you be out of class?

71
VOCABULARY/TERMINOLOGY
Directions On your own paper WRITE the Terms
and their definitions.

1. hazardous substances
2. harassment
3. freelance
4. china ball lighting
5. grounded (in relation to electricity, not what
   your parents do to you when you are bad)
6. SWL
7. barn Doors
8. prevention
9. risk assessment
10. working relationship

1. RCDs
2. grips
3. epileptic seizures
4. PPE
5. lifting equipment
6. electricity
7. noise
8. Decibel
9. Stress
10. bullying

72
PROJECT 2

• Using Premiere, create a PSA (Public Service
  Announcement) explaining some aspect of Safety
  presented in the previous presentation.
• Use Pictures, sound effects, facts supporting
  your PSA, etc
• An example may be a PSA on the dangers of
  electricity stating facts about how many people
  are killed each year by electricity related
  accidents.

73
SOURCES

• MORE INFORMATION
• BECTU Head Office 020 7346 0900 Scotland 0141
  314 0060 Wales 02920 666557 www.bectu.org.uk
• BBC Safety Database www.bbc.org.uk/ohss (design
  safety/electricity/scenery)
• London Hazards Centre 020 7794 5999
• Health Safety Executive Info line 08701 545500
• USEFUL PUBLICATIONS
• BECTU Health Safety Handbook
• HSE Entertainment and Leisure leaflets Camera
  Operations on Location The Event Safety Guide
  (HSG195)
• HSE Entertainment and Leisure Leaflets
• Free from HSE publications
• Construction, Woodworking and Entertainment and
  Leisure leaflets
• BECTU Health and Safety Handbook.Published August
  2005
• USEFUL WEB SITES
• BBC Safety database www.bbc.org.uk/ohss
• HSE www.hse.gov.uk
• Health Safety Executive Info line tel 08701
  545500 www.hse.gov.uk
• WWW.AFI.COM American Film Institute
• Goodheart-Wilcox Video Digital Communication
  Production, 2nd Edition