The Texas Revolution

1
Lesson 13.2
The Texas Revolution
Today we will trace the events that led to the
Texas War for Independence.
2
Vocabulary

• trace follow the order of a series of events
  and see their connection
• event something that happens

3
What We Already Know

• Thomas Jeffersons purchase of the Louisiana
  Territory brought almost half a billion acres of
  new land into the United States.

4
What We Already Know

• The land south of the Louisiana Purchase
  belonged to Mexico.

5
What We Already Know

• American tradesmen had been using the Santa Fe
  Trail to visit Mexican towns since the 1820s.

6
Other Americans would eventually settle in a
province in northeast Mexico.
7
The Spanish land called Tejas bordered the U.S.
territory called Louisiana.
8
Although Tejas was a Spanish colony, it had few
Spanish settlers.

• The land was rich and desirable, with forests in
  the east, rich soil for growing corn and cotton,
  and great grassy plains for grazing animals.
• It also had rivers leading to natural ports on
  the Gulf of Mexico, making shipping and trade
  easy.
• But in 1821, only about 4,000 Tejanos lived in
  Texas.

9
Although Tejas was a Spanish colony, it had few
Spanish settlers.

• Tejanos are people of Spanish heritage who
  consider Texas their home.

• The Spanish government wanted more people to
  live in Tejas.

10
The Spanish government offered huge pieces of
land to attract settlers.

• The Native Americans who lived in Tejas fought
  against Spanish settlement.
• The Spanish wanted more people to settle there to
  help defend against the Native Americans in Tejas
  who fought against Spanish settlement.

11
The Spanish government offered huge pieces of
land to attract settlers.

• They also needed help stopping the Americans who
  illegally entered Texas.

12
Moses Austin, an American from Missouri, asked
for permission to start a colony in Texas.

• Spain agreed, on the condition that the settlers
  on the land would follow Spanish laws.
• When Moses Austin died, his son Stephen Austin
  took over.

13
Why did Spain give Moses Austin permission to
start a colony in Texas?

1. In Tejas, there were few Spanish settlers.
2. Austin offered the Spanish a great deal of money.
3. They needed more people to defend against the
   Indians.
4. They thought Austins settlers would help stop
   illegal American immigrants.

Which of these is NOT true?
14
4. Why did Americans want to move to Texas?

1. The land was rich and desirable.
2. It had forests in the east, rich soil for growing
   corn and cotton, and great grassy plains for
   grazing animals.
3. It already had a population of slaves ready to
   work in the fields.
4. It also had rivers leading to natural ports on
   the Gulf of Mexico, making shipping and trade
   easy.

Choose the one that is NOT true!
15
In 1821, Mexico gained independence from Spain.

• The new government of Mexico insisted that
  Austins settlers learn Spanish, become Mexican
  citizens, and join the Roman Catholic church.

16
In 1821, Mexico gained independence from Spain.
In 1821, Mexico gained independence from Spain.

• When Mexico later banned slavery in 1829,
  Austins colonists had to give up any slaves they
  owned.

17
Despite the new expectations, the success of the
colony attracted more settlers and speculators to
Texas.

• By 1830, Americans outnumbered Tejanos six to one.

18
What did American settlers have to agree to do in
order to settle in Austins colony?

1. learn Spanish
2. become Mexican citizens
3. join the Roman Catholic church
4. give up slavery

Write down ALL that are true!
19
Conflicts arose between the Americans and Tejanos
for several reasons.

• Americans did not like following Mexican laws and
  found it difficult dealing with documents that
  were in Spanish.
• Few had joined the Catholic church.
• The Americans wanted slavery so they could grow
  cotton.
• The government began requiring Texans to pay
  taxes for the first time.

20
The Tejanos found the Americans difficult to live
with.

• They thought the Americans believed they were
  superior.
• The Americans seemed unwilling to adopt Mexican
  culture.

21
The Mexican government decided to close Texas to
further settlement by Americans.

• To enforce its laws, the Mexican government sent
  more Mexican troops to Texas.

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5. Why did tension increase between Americans and
Tejanos?

1. Americans did not like following Mexican laws,
   which were written in Spanish.
2. The Americans were offended by Mexicos
   legalization of slavery.
3. Americans did not want to join the Catholic
   church.
4. The government had begun requiring Texans to pay
   taxes for the first time.

Choose the one that is NOT true!
23
In 1833, Stephen Austin took a petition to Mexico
City on behalf of both Americans and Tejanos.

• The Mexican president, General Antonio López de
  Santa Anna, jailed Austin for a year.

24
When they found out about Austin, the Texans
wanted to rebel.

• Santa Anna responded by sending more troops to
  Texas.

25
In 1836, the Texans decided to
declare Texas an independent
republic.
26
Sam Houston took command of the small Texas army.

• Mexican president Santa Anna led troops against
  Houstons army stationed at a fort in southeast
  Texas.

27
Another company of Texas volunteers, headed by
William Travis, stood at the Alamo, an old
mission in San Antonio.
28
Traviss force defended the Alamo against Santa
Annas army for 12 days.

• The Mexicans captured the fort and killed all but
  five Texans, whom they later executed.

29
Although a defeat, the battle helped to bring
victory for the forces of Texas independence.

• First, the battle delayed Santa Anna and bought
  time for Houstons army to grow stronger.
• It forced Santa Anna to use up resources that he
  could have used against Houstons army.
• The bravery of the Alamo defenders inspired more
  Texans to fight on against Mexico.

30
6. Where did the Mexican army win a famous
victory against the rebels in Texas?

1. Near the San Jacinto River
2. Santa Fe
3. The Alamo
4. Corpus Christi

31
How did the Alamo affect the war for Texas
independence?

1. It delayed Santa Anna and gave Houstons forces
   time to grow.
2. It weakened the Mexican forces.
3. The Texans defeated Santa Annas forces.
4. It inspired other Texans to fight on.

Choose the one that is NOT true!
32
Houston led the Texans to victory.

• Sam Houstons Texans won a battle near the San
  Jacinto River in April 1836.

33
Houstons men captured Santa Anna and forced him
to sign a treaty giving Texas its independence.
34
In September 1836, Texas became an independent
nation.

• Texans elected Sam Houston asPresident.

35
Right away, the Texas government asked Congress
to annex Texas into the Union.
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Many Americans objected to the admission of Texas
as a new state.

• Northerners did not want another slave state.
• Other people feared that annexing Texas would
  lead to war with Mexico.

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For these reasons, Congress voted against
annexation, and Texas remained an independent
republic for almost ten years.
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7. Why did Congress refuse to annex Texas?

1. Northerners were opposed to adding another slave
   state to the Union.
2. They believed Texas was too far away to ever be a
   real part of the United States.
3. There was a fear that annexing Texas would lead
   to war with Mexico.
4. The costs of governing Texas would have been too
   great a tax burden.
5. They felt that too many Texans were Catholics.

Choose all that are true!