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The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998

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Title: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998


1
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998
  • discoveries concerning nitric oxide
  • as a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular
    system

2
??
  • ? ? ? (nitrogen) ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? (nitric
    acid)
  • 1998 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , ?
    ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
  • NO????

3
????
  • ??????? Ferid Murad ?Robert F. Furchgott ? Louis
    J. Ignarro
  • ???????????????

4
Ferid Murad
  • Ferid Murad???????????????,???????????????????????
    ??????
  • ?1977????????????NO???????????
  • Ferid?????????? (Theodore Hall)

5
Louis J Ignarro
  • Louis?UCLE School of Medicine???????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????
  • Ignarro? 1997 ? 2 ?????????????????

6
Robert F. Furchgott
  • 1970 ????Furchgott?????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????

7
?????????????????
8
NOS
  • ???????(NOS, NO Synthetase))????????(Robert F.
    Furchgott)?1980?????????????????????,?????????????
    ????????
  • (1)??? (NOS-I)???????(nNOS)
  • (2)??? (NOS-II)???????(iNOS)
  • (3)??? (NOS-III)???????(eNOS)

9
NOS
  • ???nNOS ? eNOS ????,??????????complex,??????
    nNOS ? eNOS ???????????
  • ???iNOS ????,?????????,???????? iNOS
    ??????????????????,iNOS ?????????,???????????,????
    ???

10
  • ????????????????????????????????????
  • (1)??????????????????????,????????
  • (2)?????????????,???????????
  • (3) ????????????????????????

11
NO?????????
12
Furchgott ???
  • ???????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????? ,????????????????????????????????????(
    EDRF) ?????????

13
  • ????guanylate cyclase(??GTP???cGMP)????????????,??
    ???????
  • ???????????????????????,????guanylate cyclase ???
  • ???????????????????????????????guanylate
    cyclase???

14
  • ???????????????????????(??EDRF)??guanylate
    cyclase????????,??NO?????guanylate
    cyclase??????,???????????EDRF??NO??

15
  • Furchgott ????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????,???????????????????????

16
(No Transcript)
17
???????????
18
??????????????????????????????????
19
???????,????????,???NO?NO ??????????????????????
20
??NO????????????????,???????guanylyl
cyclase???????????
21
?guanylyl cyclase????,???GTP??cyclic GMP Cyclic
GMP,??????????myosin
22
?myosin?????,?????????????????,??????
23
Murad ???
  • Murad ????guanylyl cyclase?????????,??cyclic
    GMP?????

24
?????????????????-NO,?????????,?????
25
Ignarro ???
  • Ignarro ?? EDRF ?????,??????????????EDRF??????????
    EDRF???,????????????????NO???,????????????????EDR
    F??NO?

26
????????????(?????????EDRF)
????????NO ?
27
NO??????????
  • ????????NO????NO??????guanylate
    cyclase,????cGMP,cGMP???????????,??????????

28
(No Transcript)
29
  • (1) ?????????????????,??????????????????????
  • (2) ??????????????????? 1 ????? 2?
  • (3) ?? 2 ????????????? (eNOS) 7
    ?????????????????? (eNOS) 8?

30
  • (4) ?????????????? (eNOS) 8 ?? L-??? (L-arginine)
    ?? L-???? (L-citrulline) ????? (NO)?
  • (5) ??????????? (NO) ???????????
  • (6) ???? NO ?guanylate cyclase)5 ???????? (heme)
    ?? (Fe) ????,????? guanylate cyclase 6?

31
  • (7) ??? (guanylate cyclase) 6 ?? GTP ?? cGMP ?
  • (8) cGMP ???????????????????
  • (9) ???????????????????,???????????
  • (10) ???? (NO) ?????????,????????????????????????

32
NO???????????
33
NO????????
34
??
  • ????(?????)
  • ????
  • ?????(????)

35
????
  • ????????, ?????????non-adrencrgic
    non-cholinergic(NANC)??????????????,??????????,???
    ?????????,????????????,? ????NANC?????????????????
    ??????,???????????????NANC??????????????????,?????
    ?????????,???????????????,??????????,?????????????
    ?????guanylyl cyclasc????????????????????? L-NG
    momomethyl arginine (L-NMMA) ? L-Ngargininc
    methylester ( L-NAME ) . ? ? ????arginine?????????
    ,??????????,???????????arginine??? ?

36
?????
  • ????????1??????????? ????,?????????????????????
    ???????????? ???????,????????????????????

37
?????
  • ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????
    ????
  • ??????????????????,??????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????,??,????????,????????????
    ????, ?????????? ?????,????????phencyclidine??
    ???? ????????a????????? ????????????,?????????
    ??????????????????????, ??????
    ????????????,?????????????????????
    ????????????????????,???????????????phencyclidine?
    ??? ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????

38
??
  • ????,???????????????,?????? (NO)
    ????,?????????????????????????? (SH Snyder)
    ?????,????????????????????,???????????? (nNOS)
    ?????????????????????

39
NO?????
40
  • ???????????????,??????????????(inducible nitric
    oxide synthase, iNOS)?????????(NO)???????????????
    (superoxide anion),???????????????????????????????
    ?????(NO3-)????(NO2-)??

41
?????NO?????
42
???NO
  • ??????????????,???????????????,???????????????,???
    ???LDL(??????)??????LDL?????????????,?????????LDL?
    ????????,??????????????????????????????,??????????
    ?????,???????????????????,???????????????

43
???????
  • ????????????????--???(arginine),?????????????????,
    ????????????(citrulline)???????????,??????????????
    ???????NO?

44
  • ?????????(??iNOS?NOS2)???????????(???),???????????
    ?????? ????????????,???????? iNOS ???????
  • ???????iNOS ????,??????????,?????????????

45
NO??????
  • ??? L-???????????????? (NOS)
    ?????L-????????????????

46
  • ???????????T???????,??????????????NO??????NO??????
    ?????

47
NO ????????
  • ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

48
? ? ? ?
  • ?????????????????????????,????????,???????????,???
    ?????????????????

49
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
  • ????????,?????????????????
  • ???????????????
  • ??,??????????,??????????????NO

50
  • ? T H E E N D ?
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