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Ancient Greece: Day 2

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Persian War, Peloponnesian War, and Alexander Athens Attica Peninsula; leading Greek city-state (Polis) after 750 BCE Monarchy aristocracy tyranny democracy Early ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Ancient Greece: Day 2


1
Ancient Greece Day 2
  • Persian War, Peloponnesian War, and Alexander

2
Athens
  • Attica Peninsula leading Greek city-state
    (Polis) after 750 BCE
  • Monarchy?aristocracy?tyranny?democracy
  • Early Problems
  • Small farmers unable to compete with imports
  • sold land, forced into slavery if unable to pay
    debts
  • Common people had no voice in Government

3
Athenian Leaders
  • Draco (621 BCE) codified Athenian laws
  • VERY harsh (draconic)
  • Solon (594 BCE) Rewrote Laws
  • cancel mortgages on land
  • free debt slaves
  • allow all males on juries
  • limit land owned by one person
  • commoners right to vote
  • Pericles (461-429 BCE) Golden Age of Athens
  • opened government service to all men
  • salaries to public officials

4
Phalanx
  • Greek military formation of hoplites
  • Heavy infantry, column formation
  • If the front row falls, the next row takes their
    places

5
Persian War
  • Persian Empire controlled Middle East and Greek
    colonies on Asia Minor
  • Colonies Revolted(with aid of Athens), Persian
    king (Darius) determined to punish Athens
  • Battles
  • Marathon Persia attacks, Athens defeats (490
    BCE)
  • Athens built huge navy and organized the
    city-states (Themistocles)
  • Thermopylae attack by Xerxes (son of Darius),
    Persia won (480 BCE)
  • Naval battle of Salamis, Athens won
  • Final battle of Platea, land battle won by
    Spartans, drove off Persians
  • Greek Democracy prevailed and were able to have a
    golden age

6
Persian War
7
Peloponnesian War
  • (431 BCE-404 BCE)
  • Athens formed Delian League for protection
    against the Persians, pirates
  • really turns into the Athenian Empire
  • Sparta others create an anti-Athens alliance
    Peloponnesian League
  • Sparta had no navy, made a deal w/Persians to get
    for navy

8
Delian League
9
Peloponnesian War Continued
  • End of War
  • Athens weakened by a plague ruined crops
    forced to make peace in 404 BCE
  • Effects
  • Ruined fields, city-states ripe for take over,
    Athenians lose faith in their democracy
  • Sparta broke, detested for being anti-democratic

This picture actually represents the Persian War,
but it looked cool. Notice the Phalanx behind
Leonidas!
10
Alexander the Great
  • Phillip of Macedonia (Alexs Dad)
  • Tried to unify city-states by force
  • united the militaries and planned to attack
    Persia, but was assassinated
  • Alexander
  • Conquered Persian Empire (Middle East and Egypt),
    to the Indus River
  • Largest empire to this point
  • Died of fever at 33
  • Spread Hellenism (culture of the Greeks)

11
Alexander the Great Conquering Persia
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