A History of Media

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A History of Media

• Past - Pixels

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A long long time ago

• To be human is to create.
• This human impulse to create and express has
  always been a part of mans psyche. This trait
  can seen mans distant cousin, the Neanderthal.

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45,000 B.C.E.

• In what is now Hungary, a Neanderthal carves onto
  a mammoth tusk.

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30,000 B.C.E.

• In what Modern Germany, someone engraves a horse
  in a pelvis bone.

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10,000 B.C.E

• Writing on skin. Tattooing instruments found in
  Europe.

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4,000 B.C.E

• Egyptian pharaohs listen to flutes and harps.

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3372 B.C.E

• Start of the Mayan calendar.

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3,000 B.C.E.

• Egypt develops hieroglyphic writing.
• In the Mediterranean or Near East, an abacus
  derived from counting boards.

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Note

• The Abacus is one of the precursors to the modern
  computer.

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2,000 B.C.E.

• Enheduanna, a woman in Mesopotamia, writes first
  signed text, a hymn
• Vikings toot on trumpets.
• Nine Greek muses, responsible for poetry,
  history, comedy, song, dance.

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14 C.E.

• Rome sets up network of relay runners carrying
  messages 50 miles in a day.

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70 C.E.

• Estimated date of Matthew's Gospel.

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230 C.E.

• Japanese begin keeping historical records.

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370 C.E.

• Rome is said to have 28 public libraries.

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393 C.E.

• Church sanctions 27 books of the New Testament
  Christian Bible is complete.

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450 C.E.

• Ink on seals is stamped on paper in China. This
  is true printing.

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598 C.E.

• The first school in England, at Canterbury.

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600 - 619 C.E.

• Books printed in China.
• In China, large orchestras, with bells, drums,
  flutes, gongs, guitars

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900 C.E.

• The 1001 Arabian Nights of tales within a tale

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1038 C.E.

• Arab scholar Alhazen describes a room-size camera
  obscura.
• Note This will ultimately lead to photography
  and film

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1168

• Oxford University is founded.

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1300s

• Paper is made in England (1309)
• Dante Alighieri dies after completing his epic
  poem, The Divine Comedy. (1321)
• Legends of King Arthur are written. (1325)

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1387

• Geoffrey Chaucer writes The Canterbury Tales.

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1430 1450 -1451 - 1465

• Start of Renaissance music era sacred music,
  secular madrigals lute is favored.
• Africans carry culture with them as 400 years of
  slave exports to West begins
• Gutenbergs press prints an old German poem.
• Printed music.

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1472 -1477

• William Caxton brings Gutenbergs invention of
  printing to England.
• An advertising poster in England

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1482 - 1498

• Leonardo da Vinci begins filling notebooks with
  ideas, sketches.
• Leonardo da Vinci completes The Last Supper.

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1500 - 1517

• By now approximately 35,000 books have been
  printed, some 10 million copies.
• Martin Luther nails his "Ninety-five Theses" to a
  church door in Wittenberg.

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1570

• Women forbidden to sing on stage castration
  imitates female voice

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1593 1611-1612

• William Shakespeare, Venus and Adonis.
• The King James version of the Bible is published.
  
• The Tempest is performed .

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1750

• J.S. Bach dies, signals end of musics Baroque
  period.

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1789

• New United States proposes Bill of Rights, with
  freedom of faith, speech, press.
• In England, the narrative of a former slave is
  published.

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1890

• Typewriters are in common use in offices.
• The 1 Brownie camera film is 15 cents a roll.

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Late 1800s

• 1893 Dickson builds a motion picture studio in
  New Jersey.
• Norwegian artist Edvard Munch, The Scream.
• Emile Berliner sells 1,000 gramophones, 25,000
  records.

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1800s

• 1895 In Berlin, Max and Emil Skladanowsky show a
  15-minute motion picture
• 1896 The first comic strip, The Yellow Kid, in
  the New York American.
• 1896 Nikola Tesla invents a spark radio
  transmitter.

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1900s

• 1940 U.S. gets first regular TV station, WNBT,
  New York estimated 10,000 viewers.
• 1943 British code breaking machine Colossus
  cracks Germanys Enigma code. (Precursor to
  computer)
• 1949 Network TV established in U.S.

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1900s

• 1951 Color television sets go on sale.
• 1952 EDVAC takes computer technology a giant
  leap forward.
• 1956 IBM ships a hard drive, the 5 MB. 305 RAMAC
  as big as two refrigerators.
• 1958 The microchip it will enable the computer
  revolution.

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• 1962 FCC sees a demonstration of cellular
  technology.
• 1963 Sony offers an open-reel videotape recorder
  for the home, 995.
• 1964 IBMs OS/360 is first mass-produced
  computer operating system.
• 1969 The Woodstock music festival.

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• 1971 ARPANET, Internet forerunner, has 22
  university, government connections.
• 1973 Computer in England, another in Norway
  connect to ARPANET.
• 1976 Death Race 98 raises public complaints
  about video games.
• 1983 Internet domains get names instead of
  hard-to-remember numbers.

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• 1985 Cellphones go into cars.
• 1987 The Simpsons, animated cartoon, introduced
  on Fox TV.

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Work Citied

• "Media History Project." Timeline Media History
  n.pag. Web. 23 Aug 2012. lthttp//www.mediahistory.
  umn.edu/timeline/gt.