Life Science Introduction

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Life Science Introduction

• Review Sheet Answers

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1. How did Louis Pasteurs experiment disprove
the idea of spontaneous generation?

• The broth that had been boiled did not have
  bacteria. This proved that bacteria only grew
  from existing bacteria.

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2. What are the 6 characteristics of living
things?

• Cellular Organization
• Similar Chemicals
• Energy Use
• Growth and Development
• Response to Surroundings
• Reproduction

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3. 4 Basic Needs of All living Things

• Energy
• Water
• Living Space
• Stable Internal Conditions

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4. What is the difference between growth and
development?

• Grow Get bigger
• Develop Change into something different

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5. What is the difference between an autotroph
and a heterotroph?

• Auto make their own food
• Hetero Cannot make their own food

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6. Give an example of a stimulus and response.

• Answers will vary.
• Stimulus Bright Light
• Response Squinting Eyes
• Stimulus The heat is on inside a building
• Response You take your winter coat off.

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Microscopes1. What is the difference between a
compound and simple microscope?

• Compound 2 lenses
• Simple 1 lens

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2. What did Robert Hooke discover with the
microscope?

• Cells

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3. When you carry the microscope, where should
you place your hands?

• One on the arm, and one on the base.

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4. When you turn the microscope off, which
objective lens should be directly above the stage?

• Low

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5. Always start focusing your microscope with
which objective lens?

• Low power

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6. When focusing on medium and high powers, you
can only use which adjustment knob?

• Fine

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Abiotic/Biotic1. Define biotic and give an
example.

• Living or was once living
• Wooden Desk

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2. Define abiotic and give an example.

• Never, ever living.
• Rock or mineral

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3. If you are looking under the microscope, what
would you see in a biotic sample?

• Cells

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Cell Parts and Functions
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Cell Wall

• Rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds
  the cell
• Plant and Bacteria

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Cell Membrane

• Controls what substances enter and leave the
  cell. It also offers protection.
• All cell types

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Lysosomes

• Contains chemicals that break down large food
  particles into smaller ones.
• Animal Cells (your book also says some plant)

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Golgi Apparatus (or body)

• The mailroom
• This part receives proteins and other newly
  formed materials from the ER, packages them, and
  distributes them to other parts of the cell.
• Plant and Animal Cells

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Nucleus

• The Cells control center.
• It directs all of the cells activities
• Plant and animal cells

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Nucleolus

• Makes ribosomes
• Plant and animal cells

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Chromatin

• Genetic material or instructions that direct the
  functions of the cell
• Plant and animal

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Ribosomes

• Factories that produce proteins
• All cell types

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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• A series of passageways that carry proteins and
  other materials from one part of the cell to
  another
• Plant and Animal

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Cytoplasm

• Region between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
  Many organelles are found here.
• All Cells

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Vacuole

• The storage are of the cell
• Plant (your book has it that they are also in
  plants we will talk about this discrepancy)

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Chloroplasts

• Capture energy from sunlight and use it to
  produce energy for the cell.
• Plant cells

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Mitochondria

• Mighty Mitochondria
• Produces most of the cells energy
• Plant and animal cells

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Nuclear Membrane

• Protects the nucleus and controls what goes into
  and out of it.
• Plant and Animal Cells

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Vesicle

• Portions of the ER break off to form small
  packages called vesicles. Vesicles transport
  processed materials to the golgi body.
• Plant and Animal

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Organelle

• Tiny cell structures that carry out specific
  functions.
• All cell types