Growth

1
Chapter 10 Notes

• Growth Expansion
• 1790-1825

2
Economic Growth

• The Growth of Industry
• 1) Most people worked on farms, so machines
  were developed to make work more efficient
• 2) Machines ran on water power
• mills located next to rivers
• A. Industrial Revolution in New England - 1800
• Geography of New England leads to Industry
• 1) Poor soil for farming
• 2) Many rivers for water power for machines
• 3) Close to resources like coal iron
• 4) Has many ports so goods could be shipped

3
B. New Technology 1) Spinning Jenny spun
thread 2) Power Loom wove cloth 3)
Cotton Gin (Eli Whitney) removed seeds from
the cotton 4) Interchangeable Parts C.
Patents Factories 1) Factory system is
created all manufacturing steps in one
place D. Free Enterprise 1) Allows people to
buy, sell, produce as they wish with limited
govt. involvement 2) Industrial growth
requires competition in production in finding
best prices for goods
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• Agriculture Expands
• Farming remains leading economic activity
• Cotton production soars with use of Cotton Gin
  causes issue of slavery
• Economic Independence
• A. Cities Come of Age
• 1) Growth of factories lead to growth of cities
• 2) Cities grow around rivers for water power
  shipping
• 3) Jobs attractions of the city outweighed
  any dangers

5
Westward Bound

• Moving West
• 1) In 30 years (1790-1820), population more
  than doubles
• 2) 1820 4 million people now live west of
  Appalachian Mtns.
• A. Roads Turnpikes
• 1) Roads were built for trade routes
• 2) Called Corduroy Roads logs side by
  side so they could withstand rain/mud
• B. River Travel
• 1) Was hard early because rivers flowed north
  to south travel upstream was difficult
• 2) Regular steamboat travel begins in 1812

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Corduroy
7

• Canals
• De Witt Clinton plans the Erie canal to
  connect New York with the Great Lakes
• A. Building the Erie Canal
• 1) Many Irish immigrants helped build the canal
• 2) Very dangerous many died in explosion
  accidents
• 3) Canal completed on Oct. 26, 1825
• 4) Connected Lake Erie with the Hudson Bay
  could then get to the Atlantic Ocean

8
Erie Canal - Layout
9
Western Settlement Between 1800 1820,
population west of Appalachian Mts. Increases to
4 million People in the west dont live with
conveniences of eastern town life
10
Unity Sectionalism

• The Era of Good Feelings
• Absence of major political division during this
  period
• James Monroe elected President - widespread
  national unity
• Sectionalism the American Spirit
• Regional differences (north, south, west, etc.)
  bring an end to Era of Good Feelings
• Many disagreements over slavery, tariffs,
  national bank, etc.
• A. John C. Calhoun South Carolina
• 1) Proponent of state sovereignty
• 2) States should govern themselves
• B. Daniel Webster New Hampshire (north)
• 1) Proponent of national power
• 2) Against sectionalism

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• C. Missouri Compromise - 1820
• 1) Tension existed would slavery be allowed
  when a state was admitted to the Union
• 2) Missouri Maine apply for statehood
• 3) Missouri Comp. preserves balance of power
• 1) Missouri in as a slave state
• 2) Maine in as a free state
• 3) No more slavery north of Missouris
  southern border (36/30North)
• D. McCulloch v. Maryland Gibbons v. Ogden
• 1) Court cases gave more power to national
  govt.
• 2) States rights were lessened

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Missouri Compromise - 1820
13
Foreign Affairs A. Relations with Britain 1)
Both countries agreed to secure the border
between U.S. Canada (British
territory) without military B. Monroe
Doctrine Dec. 1823 1) America will not
interfere with any existing European
colonies in America, but 2) North
South America will not allow any
future colonization by European powers
President James Monroe
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CH. 10 VOCAB

• Interchangeable Parts- Uniform pieces that can be
  made in large quantities to replace other
  identical pieces.
• Patent- A document that gives an inventor the
  sole legal right to an invention.
• Factory System- System bringing manufacturing
  steps together in one place to increase
  efficiency

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CH. 10 VOCAB QUIZ

• Factory System
• Capital
• Free Enterprise
• Patent
• Interchangeable Parts
• Capitalism

16
VOCAB CONTINUED

• Capitalism- Economic system based on private
  property free market
• Capital- The wealth, whether in money or
  property, owned by a business or individual
• Free Enterprise- Freedom of private businesses to
  operate competitively for profit within minimal
  govt. regulation.