Getting Civilized

1
UNIT ONE

• Getting Civilized
• 10,000 600 BCE.

2
Join us for the world tour!
3
STOP!
I know what youre thinking!
4
Farming and civilizations?
Where did they come from?
I thought we were still hunting and gathering!
5
Farming and civilizations are the result of
CHANGE
and changes have always been-
Lets look for a minute at the changes that have
already taken place.
And still are-part of human history.
Paleolithic Age
6
The Paleolithic Age covers the period from
2,000,000 to 10,000 years ago.
Many changes occurred during this period.
Shall we do a quick review?
Paleolithic Age
7
Recall that life during the early part of the
Paleolithic Age looked something like this.
Homo erectus doing lunch
8
10,000 years ago at the close of the Paleolithic
Age, life looked more like this
Homo sapiens at home
9
Notice any changes?
Homo erectus 200,000 years ago
Would you say there were
Homo sapiens 10,000 years ago
(a) No changes?
(b) Some changes?
(c) Lots of changes?
10
If you said there were (c) Lots of changes,
you were obviously paying attention during Big
Era Two.
If, on the other hand, you chose (a) No changes
or (b) Some changes, you must have been out
with the flu during Big Era Two. (Hope you are
feeling better!).
11
Do you recall any of them?
So, we will go with (c) Lots of changes in Big
Era Two, right?
So, its antelope burgers tonight, right?

Before moving on, jot them down.
Are these going to be on the test?
12
Changes that occurred by the end of the
Paleolithic Age (Beginning of Unit 1)
Remember
1. Homo sapiens appear. 2. Language
develops. 3. Habitats expand. 4. Technology
increases. 5. Wall painting and sculpture are
created.
End of the Paleolithic Age (Beginning of Unit 1)
Unit 1
13
Keeping those changes in mind, lets look at
life all the way at the end of Unit 1, that is,
about 600 BCE.

Units 2-7
Paleolithic Age
Unit 1
1,000 years ago
Today
10,000 years ago
14
Units 2-7
Paleolithic Age
Unit 1
1,000 years ago
Today
10,000 years ago
15
Notice any Differences?
Quite a few, Huh?
16
So, how did we get from
HERE?
HERE
to
Jot down some notes on any changes you observe
that have taken place between 10,000 and 600 BCE.
17
One of the major changes is reflected in this
frieze on a wall in Mesopotamia (today Iraq)
which reflects the DOMESTICATION of
Paleolithic Age
Unit 1
18
Domestication of plants and animals was a
monumental change.
Have you herd about pastoralism?
It resulted in the new way of living we know as
FARMING (AGRICULTURE)
which included both PASTORALISM (herding sheep,
goats, cattle, horses, and camels), and
19
Crop-growing (cultivating domesticated
plants), and
20
the development of FARMING COMMUNITIES known
as the Agricultural Revolution or Neolithic
Revolution
21
Eastern North America
China
Fertile Crescent
Nile valley
West Africa
Mesoamerica
New Guinea
Ethiopia
Andes
Amazonia
Between about 12,000 and 1,000 BCE,
farming appeared INDEPENDENTLY in a number of
places, possibly in all of the places marked in
red on the map.
22
Prior to farming, population size in any one
area was limited by the availability of wild
game, grain, berries, seeds, and nuts.
POPULATION GROWTH
Farming and the large, relatively dependable
crops it provides allowed for
That means population increases in certain areas.
Population in those areas became both larger and
denser.
23
At the same time, farmers in some places were, in
spite of population growth, able to produce
SURPLUS food.
What does SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION mean for a
society?
24
SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION means that not
everyone has to grow food or tend animals. They
can take on other tasks. They can specialize in
some non-farming task.
25

• This is called
• Job Specialization.
• Men and women may become
• Weavers
• Stone Masons
• Potters
• Priests
• Scribes
• Traders
• Army officers

26
So, lets have a quick review of that last
sequence of events.
27
Domestication of Plants and Animals
Farming
Population Intensification
Surplus Food
Specialization
Complex Society, also known as CIVILIZATION
Paleolithic Age
Unit 1
28
Civilizations have a number of elements in common.
You might want to make a note of these as we go
along.
Hint, hint!
29
Civilization
Can you define it?
Did you catch that term?
Remember it. Write it down.
Answer A civilization is a complex society or
culture in which large numbers of human share a
number of common elements.
30
Elements of civilization include
1) Cities
Mohenjo Daro
Its the law
2) Central governments And Law codes
Hammurabis Law Code
Pharaohs
31
Elements of Civilization include
1) Cities
2) Central governments and law codes
3) Writing and record keeping
Can you identify the society represented by
each of these two writing samples?
4) Highly organized religions
32
Elements of Civilization include
1) Cities
2) Central Governments and law codes
3) Writing and record keeping
4) Highly organized religion
Full-time monk
6) Social Classes
Assyrian slaves In Egypt
33
Elements of Civilization include
1) Cities
2) Central governments and law codes
6) Arts Architecture
3) Writing and record keeping
4) Highly organized religion
Chariot
5) Social classes
Bronze Sword
34
Can you remember ?
Can you list some of the elements of a
civilization?
Lets check!
Clue There were 6!
35
Good job if your list includes
Check your answers below

• 1. Cities
• 2. Central governments and law codes
• 3. Writing and record-keeping
• 4. Social classes
• Arts architecture
• Highly organized religions

Good job, huh?
36
By 3,000 BCE, societies in Southwest Asia and
Egypt were developing elements of complex
societies.
Are we supposed to be taking notes on this?
Paleolithic Age
Unit 1
37
By the end of Unit 1, about 600 BCE, there were
several well-established civilizations in
Afroeurasia.
There were also two new ones in the Americas.
At least two civilizations in Afroeurasia, the
Minoan in the Mediterranean region and the
Harappan in the Indus River valley had already
come and gone.
38
Now, looking back over Unit 1, lets review the
major changes.
Paleolithic Age
Unit 1
39
Domestication of Plants and Animals
Farming
Population Intensification
Surplus Food
Specialization
Complex Society, also known as CIVILIZATION
Paleolithic Age
Unit 1
40
That translates into
Farmers Herders Cities Central governments Armies
Monumental buildings Written language Social
hierarchies Complex belief systems
In 10,000 BCE none of these existed in the world.
By 600 BCE they all did.
41
Not only has life changed culturally and
technologically, but also the rate of change has
accelerated.
Letters and envelopes
Writing
Irrigation
Pyramids
Wheel
Copper smelting
Temple building
Walled cities
.
Dogs, sheep. goats, horses, wheat, rice,
chiles, potatoesall domesticated
Plow farming
Alphabet
Chariots
Pottery
360-degree circle
Sailing technology
Law Codes
Regular trade routes
Bow arrow
Calendars
Unit 1
Paleolithic Age
10k years ago
42
You may have noticed that the difference between
the rate of change in the Paleolithic Age and in
Unit 1 is enormous.
Make a few notes and discuss this question with
your teacher and fellow students.
What factors do you think might account for this
increasing rate of change?
43
As you move on to Unit 2 (600 BCE to 1450 AD),
keep your eye on the rate of change. Does it keep
increasing? Level off? Slow down?
Do the factors you have identified as affecting
the rate of change in the Paleolithic Age and
Unit 1 still apply?
Come to think of it, things changed REALLY fast
In the 20th century. I wonder what the rate of
change is going to be like in the 21st century?
44
Well, thats all for Unit 1, but dont go away.
Hang on to your notes and stay tuned for
45
Unit 2 !
Coming SOON to a classroom near you.