ORGANIC MOLECULES

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ORGANIC MOLECULES

• CARBOHYDRATES

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CARBOHYDRATE-RICH FOODS

• White flour
• Oatmeal
• Pasta
• Potato / Yam
• Brown rice
• Corn
• Beans

• Bagel
• Wholegrain cereals
• Fruits and Fruit juice
• Candies
• Cookies

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CARBOHYDRATES

• Made of C, H, O
• Monomer (Subunit) monosaccharide
• Functions
• Short term energy storage
• Makes up cell walls of plants

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3 TYPES OF CARBOHYDRATES

• Monosaccharide
• Disaccharide
• Polysaccharide
• Saccharide sugar
• mono one
• di two
• poly many

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MONOSACCHARIDES

• Smallest carbohydrate
• All have C6H12O6 chemical formula, but the
  structure is different (isomers)
• Three important monosaccharides
• Glucose
• Fructose
• Galactose

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STRUCTURE OF MONOSACCHARIDES
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DISACCHARIDES

• Two monosaccharides bonded together.
• Three important disaccharides
• Maltose
• Sucrose
• Lactose

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STRUCTURE OF DISACCHARIDES
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POLYSACCHARIDES

• Many monosaccharides bonded together
• Also called complex carbohydrates
• Three important polysaccharides
• Starch
• Glycogen
• Cellulose

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STRUCTURE OF POLYSACCHARIDES
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STARCH

• Function energy for plants
• Structure slightly branched chain of glucose
  molecules
• Found in
• Rice
• Wheat
• Corn
• Potatoes

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GLYCOGEN

• Function energy for animals
• Structure highly branched chain of glucose
  molecules
• Found in Muscle and liver cells

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CELLULOSE

• Function forms the cell walls of plants and
  gives structural support
• Structure Straight chains of glucose molecules
• Found in
• wood
• paper
• (any part of a plant)
• Humans cannot digest cellulose
• Some animals have bacteria in their digestive
  systems to help digest it