Great Depression

1
Great Depression

• Whats so great about it, anyway?

2
Table of Contents

• Outline
• Journal Questions

3
Outline

• Leading to the Great Depression
• Hoovervilles
• Election of 1932
• New Deal
• Brain Trust
• Opponents to FDR
• Court Packing
• Other events of the 1930s
• Back

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Leading to the Depression
Overproduction

• Farming Problem

Drop in Consumer Spending
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Leading to the Depression
Perceptions

• Rising stock prices

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Leading to the Depression

• Buying on Margin
• Putting 10 of stock down, paying for the rest
  when the stock when up

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Leading to the Depression

• Banking practices

Stock Market Crash Oct. 29, 1929 40 Billion
lost in two months
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Leading to the Depression

• Margin calls

Unemployment
Bonus Marches Wanted pensions from the govt,
from WWI
Dust Bowl (33-37)
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Leading to Depression

• Fear, panic, depression

Bankruptcies
Layoffs 25 by 1933
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Hoovervilles

• Villages of homeless people during the depression

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Election of 1932

• Rep.-- H. Hoover
• Dem. F. Roosevelt
• Both had different philosophies about the
  Depression

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Hoover

• Conservative Approach
• Relied on assistance from charities and
  volunteers
• Depression is psychological.
• Depression is a cycle.
• Relief undermines a persons character.

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Roosevelt

• Government needs to be active
• The only thing we have to fear, is fear itself.
• The American people will get a New Deal.
• FDR wins in a landslide

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Fireside Chats

• Radio talks given by FDR to the country
• Discussed problems and issues

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FDRs One Hundred Days

• Enormous amounts of legislation passed
• 21st Amendment (Repeals 18th)
• Didnt work
• More criminals
• Couldnt tax
• More jobs
• Raised spirits

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New Deal Programs

• Social Security Act
• est. pensions for WWI survivors and disabled
• Fair Labor Standards Act
• est. a 44 hr work week and .25 cent min. wage
• Wagner Act
• allowed collective bargaining for unions

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Yes, More New Deal Programs

• Agricultural Adjustment Act
• Govt compensated farmers for producing less
• Bank Holiday
• All banks closed to regroup
• Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC)
• Insured deposits
• Securities and Exchange Comm. (SEC)
• Created to monitor stock market

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Paying for the New Deal

• Raised taxes on workers, borrowed money for
  businesses, and private wealthy individuals
• Alphabet Administration
• Nickname given because of the programs created by
  the New Deal

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The Brain Trust

• Nickname for FDRs cabinet members
• Francis Perkins first woman cabinet member
• Appointed many African-Americas to advisory
  positions
• Begins trend of women and African Americans
  voting Democratic

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Opponents to FDR

• Huey Long
• Socialist Governor of Louisiana
• Felt FDR and Hoover had done too little to help
  during the depression
• Was elected to the Senate and vowed to win the
  Presidency in 1936
• Was shot and killed in 1935.

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Opponents to FDR

• Father Charles Coughlin
• created the National Union for Social Justice
  party to run against FDR in 1936
• Supported Hitler and Mussolini
• Very anti-Semitic
• Radio show shut down by FDR

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FDRs Court Packing Plan

• FDR pushed to raise the S.C. from 9 to 15
• Wanted to appoint new justices who favored the
  New Deal
• Opposed by both sides.

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Other 1930s Events

• Dust Bowl
• Caused by poor crop rotation and drought

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• Grapes of Wrath
• Story about a family during the Depression

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Empire State Building

• Worlds tallest building from 1931-1972

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Hindenburg Disaster

• Hydrogen blimp that exploded over New Jersey
• Would you like to see the
• disaster?

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The Wizard of Oz

• Enormous hit film, released in 1939

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Mickey Mouse

• Created in 1928, becomes cartoon icon in the 30s

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• Becomes the terrifying radio hit in 1938

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Bonnie and Clyde
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(No Transcript)
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Jessie Owens wins four Gold Medals in the 1936
Olympics.
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Journal Questions

• 1
• 2
• 3
• Back

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Question 1

• What do you think caused the Stock Market Crash
  in 1929?
• Back

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Question 2

• Do you think Hoover was wrong in his approach to
  the Great Depression? Why or why not?
• Back

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Question 3

• The Great Depression lasted a decade while New
  Deal after New Deal program failed to do anything
  to end it. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
• Back