Somers Holocaust Commission

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Somers Holocaust CommissionNight of
Remembrance (5/5 7 p.m. JFK)

• Projects up to 3 extra credit points (3rd MP)
• a. Due Date April 7th
• Awards 1st prize 250 2nd prize 150 3rd prize
  100 Honorable Mention 50 (per school)
• Attendance May 5th 100 quiz grade

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The Cold War

• What are the different meanings of the word
  cold?

An era of tension and hostility between communism
and capitalist democracy (post-WWII)
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The Cold War Battle
USSR
THE WEST
VS
SPREAD COMMUNISM
CONTAINMENT
To stop the spread of communism!
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Q Why did the Allies want to contain communism?
A Domino Theory- If one falls to communism,
they all will- Dictatorships galore!
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Adding to the coldness. The Races
Nuclear Arms Race
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SU launches Sputnik (1st artificial satellite
an object to orbit the earth)
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Some nations did not get involved in either
alliance NONALIGNMENT
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Soviets bring in the troops!
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What actions were taken to address Cold War
tension?

• Doc 1

• Doc 2

• Doc 3

• Doc 4

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The Iron Curtain
An Iron Curtain Has Descended across the
ContinentWinston Churchill (1946) What does
he mean?
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President Harry Truman

• I believe that it must be the policy of the
  United States to support free peoples who are
  resisting attempted subjugation by outside
  pressures.
• March, 1947

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Truman Doctrine

• Civil War in Greece
• Turkey under pressure by USSR
• U.S. gives Greece Turkey 400 million in aid
• So they dont resort to Communism

TURKEY
GREECE
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The Marshall PlanU.S. Sec of State George
Marshall

• European Recovery Program
• 12.5 billion of aid to Western Europe

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(No Transcript)
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Berlin Airlift (48-49)

• Soviets block allied access to street/ railroad
  to West Berlin
• Allies would be unable to supply west with
  food/goods
• U.S. helps via aircraft success
• USSR humiliated never thought it would work!

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Berlin Wall (1961)
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Nikita Khrushchev
About the capitalist states, it doesn't depend
on you whether we (Soviet Union) exist. If you
don't like us, don't accept our invitations, and
don't invite us to come to see you. Whether you
like it or not, history is on our side. We will
bury you. - 1956
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Paris, 1961
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Young Fidel Castro
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Review

1. What problems did Communist spheres face post
   WWII?
2. Why was there a need to ease the tension?
3. What led to the fall of the SU?

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(No Transcript)
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Collapse of the USSR Ethnic groups want their
freedom!
4. Lithuania 8. Georgia 12. Uzbekistan
1. Russia 5. Belarus 9. Armenia 13. Tajikistan
2. Estonia 6. Ukraine 10. Azerbaijan 14. Kyrgyzstan
3. Latvia 7. Moldova 11. Turkmenistan 15. Kazakhstan
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Mikhail Gorbachev Last Head of USSR
(1985-1991)Recognizes the economic and foreign
policy troubles of the USSR

• Glasnost opening
• New freedoms, i.e. speech
• Soviets want independence! (nationalism/different
  ethnicities)
• Perestroika restructuring
• Local decision making free market ideas
• Fall of Berlin Wall (1989)
• SU does not interfere
• Withdrawal from Afghanistan
• Rise of Taliban
• Eastern Bloc of European countries FREE
• Nobel Peace Prize (1990)

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How can a tense/hostile relationship improve?

• Détente policy to reduce tension
• Arms Control/Disarmament (70s-80s)
• a) SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)
• i. Elimination of certain types of weapons
  (nuclear missiles)

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Collapse of the USSR

• Political Freedoms stir up nationalist sentiment!
• Republics desire independence
• Ethnic Rivalries (Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia)

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• Collapse of Berlin Wall (1991)
• Dissolution of Warsaw Pact (1991)

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Boris Yeltsin91-99

• Democracy
• 1st free elections! (wow!)
• Market Economy
• Capitalist!

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(No Transcript)
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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Europe Today

• EU European Union (93)Freedom of movement of
  people, goods, services and capital
• EURO
• Unified form of currency

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Do Now Lets go back in time

1. What happened in Latin America in the 1500s?
2. What happened in Latin America during the 1800s?

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European Colonization
Increased power in Church Military
Unequal distribution of wealth
Latin American Independence
Lack of INVESTMENT
Political Instability
POVERTY
Lack of CAPITAL for development!
Resort to Communism?
Inability to pay foreign debt
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Cuban Revolution Che Guevara

• Plotted against Batistas govt in Cuba why?
• Batistas Cuba
• Dictator/Anti-Communist
• Supported by the US
• Strong trade a rich country with too many poor
  people
• Too much American influence Imperialist Hyena
• Supporter of Fidel Castro
• Communist rule
• Angered by inequity

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Should self-interest be the ultimate priority of
a nation?

• 1.Cuba Batista (Anti-Communist) v. Castro
• 2. Nicaragua Somoza (Anti-Communist) v.
  Sandinistas
• a. Contras U.S. funded rebel group
• i. to overthrow the Sandinistas

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Changes for the better

• OAS Organization of American States
• Purpose to provide peaceful resolutions to
  regional problems
• Liberation Theology Clergy
• Increase in elections
• Aid from SU to LA countries decreased (end of
  Cold War)
• Democracy is replacing dictatorships!

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The Cold War Spreads
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A wind has been blowing from the West now it
will begin to blow from the East.
Mao Zedong 1949
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Mao ZedongLeader of Communists (1930s)
CreatesPeoples Republic of China (1949)

• Goals
• 1. To create an industrial, and loyal communist
  state
• Methods
• Great Leap Forward
• Cultural Revolution
• Effects
• Low production/hunger
• Fear, isolation, poor economy
• Lost Generation

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Deng Xiaoping

• How was he different than Mao?
• Goal Economic Reform
• Method Some private enterprise
• Four Modernizations
• Effect Economy improves
• Incentive!!

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Tiananmen Square
Leave the square, or stay and face the
consequences.
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Korean War1950-1953
Domino Theory?
Vietnam War 1959-1975
SU
Influence of China!
U.S.

• UN MISSION

• STALEMATE

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Ho Chi Minh

• Vietnamese Communist Leader
• Fights for independence from France (1941)
• Vietnam Divided
• NorthCommunist
• Southanti-Communist
• Desires unity - Invades South
• however, some people in South supported him
  Vietcong
• Belief in Communism
• Fears French have desire to imperialize (they did
  it before!)
• American loss Vietnam unified Communist

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Cambodia

• Communist group takes over Khmer Rouge
• LED BY POL POT
• Brutal Regime
• Civil War (80s)
• UN provides aid
• Democratic today!

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• Chinese Red Cross initially reports 2,600
• retracts figure
• pressure from government
• official Chinese government figure is 241 dead,
  including soldiers, and 7,000 wounded
• Nobody was killedthey died while fighting.

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East meets West when Rocky takes on a vicious
Soviet fighter who literally killed his last
opponent. Stallone writes, directs and stars in
this war between nations, in which the only
battle is fought in a boxing ring. Balboa
proudly holds the world heavyweight boxing
championship, but a new challenger has stepped
forward Drago, a six-foot-four, 261-pound
fighter who has the backing of the S.U. Rocky
prepares for a globally televised match in the
heart of Moscow. Nothing can truly prepare him
for what he is about to face a powerfully
charged fight to the finish, in which he must not
only defend himself, but also the honor of his
country!
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What to look for

• Strength of boxers
• The way they look at each other
• Nature of fight (punches)even after the bell
  rings
• The Soviet fans/Commentaries
• The outcome of the match