Vocabulary Instruction

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Vocabulary Instruction
word knowledge of comprehension
Developed by Pamela Oliver and Deborah Stark,
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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How do you
teach it?As a team, discuss and write down
the vocabulary instructional strategies you use !
Write one strategy per sticky note.Share your
strategy listings with the group!
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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THE GOAL OF THIS MODULE IS TO RAISE
COMPREHENSION BY TEACHING VOCABULARYAs
recommended by the National Reading Panel Full
Report, 2000.
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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As early as 1925, the National Society for
Studies in Education Yearbook, cites Growth in
reading power means, therefore, continuous
enriching and enlarging of the reading vocabulary
and increasing the clarity of discrimination in
appreciation of word values. Whipple, 1925,
p.76Davis in 1942, stated comprehension is
comprised of two skills word knowledge or
vocabulary and reasoning in reading. (National
Reading Panel, 4-14)
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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Comprehension

• Vocabulary
• Instruction
• The word knowledge of comprehension.

• Text Comprehension Instruction
• Reasoning in reading.

Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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DEVELOPMENTAL PROGRESSION OF VOCABULARYAs
a learner begins to read (read alouds, imitation
reading, independent reading), reading vocabulary
encountered in texts is mapped into the oral
vocabulary the learner brings to the task.
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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DEVELOPMENTAL PROGRESSION OF
VOCABULARYThis translation from relatively
unfamiliar words in print into speech raises the
expectation that the speech forms will be easier
to comprehend the words will only be better
understood if the word is part of the learners
oral vocabulary if the oral vocabulary item is
not in the learners vocabulary, it will not be
better understood than it was in print
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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Oral vocabulary is a key to learning to make the
transition from oral to written forms.(National
Reading Panel, 4-15)
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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In shortWhen material is written in the range
of known vocabulary, there is little need for
vocabulary instruction. However, when material
is written outside the range of familiar
vocabulary, vocabulary instruction is necessary.
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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KNOWING A WORDCANNOT BE EQUATED WITH KNOWING
A DEFINITION
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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Knowing a word means being able to do things
with it to recognize it in connected speech or
in print, to access its meaning, to pronounce it
and to be able to do these things within a
fraction of a second.(Stahl and Fairbanks, 1986)
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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THE PASTResearchers claim we dont learn much
by looking up words in the dictionary and
memorizing their meanings (Nagy, 1989).THE
FUTURELearning vocabulary entails elaboration
and discussion of word meaning and opportunities
to use the words (Beck and McKeown, 1991 Stahl
Fairbanks, 1986).
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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Wordsplash Activity

• Suits any content area or grade level
• Allows students to activate background knowledge
• Begins making connections between what they know
  and what they will read
• Is a collection of key terms or concepts selected
  from a reading.

Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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meta cognition brain compatible
classroomsmultiple intelligencesintegrated
curriculum
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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My Words Vocabulary Graphics Organizer

• Self selected vocabulary words
• Can be used with any grade level, content
  material, reading ability
• Individualized for each student
• Promotes self-efficacy

Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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My Words Graphic Organizer ActivityPersonally
Challenging Vocabulary WordsMy Working
DefinitionText-Based Because Sentences
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Concepts of Definition Map??What is it????What
is it like????What are some examples??
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BREAK

• Be ready to begin in 10 minutes!

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How many new words should students acquire each
year?
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From elementary through high school, students
need to acquire 2,700 3,000 words per
year. (Just and Carpenter, 1987 Nagy and Herman,
1987 Smith, 1941 Beck and McKeown,
1991 National Research Council, page 48)
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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Instructional strategies for
accomplishing this taskread alouds of
vocabulary rich literature, followed by
discussions of unknown / difficult
vocabularyword wallsword chartssentence
expansion
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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Read Alouds

• Leung, 1992, stated that read aloud events help
  children to learn new words by incidental
  learning
• introduce vocabulary above students
  independent/instructional level
• expands language knowledge
• promotes contextual language
• books introduce children to more rare words than
  conversation (Nagy Anderson, 1984).

Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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Word Walls

• Makes connections between other
• words in their oral language
• (Graves Slater, 1990)
• should be interactive (students should be
  instructed on how to use the word wall in their
  learning),
• can be grouped by concepts, ideas, themes, etc,
• allow for active engagement.

Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001
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Guidelines for Working Effectively with Word Walls

• Prior to displaying a word on the word wall,
  engage students in a learning conversation,
  inviting them to discuss the features that they
  notice and how it is connected to other words.
• Write words in large, clear print that is easily
  viewed from all angles of the room.
• Create a visually cohesive wall so that the
  viewer perceives it as a collection of words and
  it is obvious how the words are organized.

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believe
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Word Charts

• are an extension of word walls,
• are effective to use in classrooms with limited
  space,
• builds synonymous vocabulary,
• are valuable resources for writing activities.

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How many ways can said be said?
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Sentence Word Expansion

• is a brainstorming procedure for helping
  students elaborate on concepts and words.
• assists students in allowing for an expanded
  vocabulary in their speaking and writing.

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The dog is sleeping in the house.
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So, how do you teach it?
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Reflection1. What is a different way of
interacting with the word wall?2. Which read
aloud books will you read this year?3. Name one
type of word charts that you can use with your
students.4. A topic that I can use the
wordsplash activity with is ____.
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Teach Strategies which assist students in
expanding definitions and provide opportunities
for students to talk and write about the words
they are learning.
Delaware Reading Cadre, 2001