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Day: Wednesday 9th November

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Day: Wednesday 9th November Session: 9.00am - 10.30am Speaker: Jude Wallace Topic: Research Report – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Day: Wednesday 9th November


1
  • Day Wednesday 9th November
  • Session 9.00am - 10.30am
  • Speaker Jude Wallace
  • Topic Research Report

2
Incorporating Sustainable Development Objectives into ICT Enabled Land Administration Systems Expert Group Meeting 9-11 November 2005 Geomatics The University of Melbourne
Australias International Science Linkages Program Centre for Spatial Data Infrastructures and Land Administration
Research Report Sustainability Accounting in
Land Administration Jude Wallace
3
  • Research was a journey to
  • identify a National Vision for LAS in
    Australia, and
  • show our European visitors the Australian
    achievements in web based solutions.
  • The innovations of Australian land
    administrators will be clear from their
    presentations.
  • Notice
  • technological solutions to problems of size, low
    value land, difficult environmental problems
  • use of the Internet
  • use of cooperation to overcome federal divisions

4
  • NATIONAL VISION FOR AUSTRALIAN LAND
    ADMINISTRATION
  • Sustainability accounting in land administration
  • Comprehensive integrated land management built on
    digital information about land and the way we use
    it and cooperative public/private sector
    arrangements
  • Components
  • Integrated land management paradigm
  • Comprehensive land policies
  • Flexible tenure systems
  • Authentic registers for valuable commodities
  • Information policies Spatially enabled
    government using modern ICT
  • iLand
  • ?? Framework for land use regulation and
    management RRRs (current)
  • ?? Integrated with water and resource management
    (in contemplation)
  • Monitoring and evaluation systems (in
    contemplation)

5
The national vision is not final. The EGM will
examine and modify the vision.
6
The research story Simple research aims met
technology issues (Wow ! how computers
change .) institutional issues (But
institutions remain the same) epistemological
issues (Law meets Engineering) The story is
organised because of our partners and their
contributions, particularly Professor Stig
Enemark. Professor Ian Williamson and the
researchers at the Centre are the key to success
of this project. It has been a joint
intellectual and administrative exercise.
7
Starting point - 2003 Explain how modern land
markets work. Why can some countries run
successful markets? Half the story De Soto The
Mystery of Capital We passport land we give it
an identity. PS, we do not passport land, but
abstract rights in land. Other half of the
story We also need - Cognitive capacity Trust
and confidence in government Mutually reasonable
arrangements in public and private sectors
8
First, explain how modern land markets build
wealth out of land.
9
Explain we encourage invention of new commodities
10
Economic Analysis of land markets - costs
11
The World Bank, Doing Business in 2005, Removing
Obstacles to Growth,, figures 3.7. and 5.8
12
The case study countries did comparatively well
in the global comparisons of LAS registration
systems, but still show remarkable divergences.
Procedures Time days Cost of value
Australia 5 7 4.5
Denmark 6 42 0.6
Germany 4 4.1 4.2
Netherlands 4 5 6.4
Switzerland 4 16 1.4
Table Registering Property
WB Report Doing Business in 2005 Removing
Obstacles to Growth, pp92-94
13
Complex property markets require additional
tools The land market capable of wealth
acceleration must provide Corporatisation -
ability of business to separate risk from
capital, debt from equity for protection of
creditors Securitisation - ability to convert
balance sheet asset into liquid funds and create
another layer of commodities Separation - ability
to separate ownership and management, benefit
entitlement from capital input, layers of
interests in same land or resources These
capacities mix private and public sectors. The
LAS is the essential foundation of their
success. The more streamlined the LAS, the better
the wealth acceleration capacity of the complex
property market.
14
Dales Three Pillars Diagram - modified
15
  • Market issues in land administration are familiar
    territory.
  • But we are claiming land administration delivers
    triple bottom line sustainability
  • economic
  • social ???
  • environmental ???

16
Differences in approach Law text and
concepts Engineering organisation of
information
Vitality of the Cadastre in LAS must be
communicated
17
GRI Indicators Environmental an organisations
impact on living and non-living natural systems
including eco-systems, land air and water Social
an organisations impact on social systems in
which it operates
How many LAS organisations can sign off on these
indicators?
18
SOCIAL VALUES
Housing bubble doubled household wealth between
1998 and 2004. Predictions for market
correction are common in 2005.
ABN AMRO's research found that almost two-thirds
of Australian household wealth is now in housing,
with a market value of 3.2 trillion - almost six
times households' annual income. Over the past
45 years, the value of housing has, on average,
been just three-and-a-half times household
income, and for much of that period interest
rates were as low as now or lower. While 64 per
cent of Australian households' wealth was in real
estate, just 6 per cent was in ownership of
shares, the bank said. Another 18 per cent was
in superannuation, 8 per cent in cash or bank
deposits, and 3 per cent in cars and other
durables.
Graphic Nathaneal Scott, Tim Colbatch, The Age,
4 July 05.
19
Environmental sustainability?




Saying is not doing

20
The Land Management Paradigm (Enemark and others
2005)
21
  • Government roles -
  • Control and restrict
  • non-owners use
  • Protect, control and
  • restrict owners use
  • Withdraw from
  • decisions about land
  • Basic tool kits
  • Announcements
  • (laws and standards)
  • Tenure varieties
  • Organisations
  • Spatial
  • identification
  • Repeatability

Controls and disputes
Stability systems
Open-ended opportunities for owners decisions
LAND AND RESOURCE TENURES IN MATURE MARKETS
22
  • Organise competitions among interests, eg by
  • Date order
  • Type of formality used
  • Registration order
  • Knowledge of next owner
  • Good faith of next owner
  • Publicity by owner
  • Constitutional limitations
  • Eminent domain
  • Compulsory acquisition
  • Land planning, services
  • Regulation of land uses
  • Land tax
  • Describe interests in the tenure system..
  • Length of time
  • Source
  • Relationship with possession
  • Vocabulary of opportunities

Articulate Rights
Identify Interests
Risk Manage
Restrict
Layer
Prioritise
Evidence Procedures Publicity
  • Settle and integrate
  • interest type among all other types..
  • Reliable administration
  • Government insurance/guarantee
  • Private insurance
  • Risk transfer to next owner, borrower, lender
  • Risk absorption by original owner

CAPACITIES OF MATURE TENURE SYSTEMS
23
Development of Land Administration
Phase 1 Building Instrumentalities
Phase 2 Building markets
Land registration and survey Private rights
focus Valuation Planning
Phase 3 Supporting Development
Phase 4 Contingency planning with spatial
integration
Cadastre focus Sharing capacity Computerisation La
nd titling adaptation
Sustainability Poverty reduction Multi-discipline
SDIs Broad land policies Interoperability Regulati
on
Gender equity Complex commodities Land management
tools Restrictions and responsibilities
Economic Paradigm
Social Justice
Governance Information Society
Environment
Themes
WWII 1975 1990 2003 2010
24
Land information databases for Australian
Government
Agency Database Purpose
ATO Land transactions since 1999 To facilitate the collection of CGT and GST
ABARE Non-arable land To facilitate land management
APRI Risks and claims To better manage insurance business sector
Centrelink Land ownership To administer pension entitlements
ARB Australian property markets Australian Property Monitors was commissioned to provide timely and complete information about the property markets in major capital cities.
ABS House price indices Release of 3 June 05 contained price information to December quarter 2004.
25
Source focused LAS
Land administration activities
Building control
Utility management
Land market support
Registration
Land Tax
Restrictions
.the rest
Development
Valuation
Basic spatial information
Parcels Properties Buildings Values Zones/uses
Addresses
26
Spatially enabling government
Spatial administration activities
Building control
Utility management
Land market support
Registration
Land Tax
Restrictions
.the rest
Development
Valuation
Basic spatial information
Parcels Properties Buildings Values Zones/uses
. . .
Addresses - People/time/place/activity/interest
27
Addresses - People times places activities
interests
Mesh blocks 60 parcels Analytical geo-coded
spaces
Properties and their geo-coded addresses - GNAF
Digital definition of WHERE is now possible
EMERGING LAND ACCOUNTING ENGINE Accounting
system goes into our Land Management Paradigm
28
Modern governments create new kinds of
information about land

Relative land information Socio/legal
constructs, aspatial, abstract, dispersed,
volatile, invisible, but visualisable
Traditional land information Stable, objective,
scientifically proveable, observable
29
Meanwhile, resource sectors are driving
technological innovation, not waiting for the
perfection of the new products
SEE Grid of CSIRO, a web community aimed at
creating an innovative new data exchange network
Making the top kilometre of Australia transparent
https//www.seegrid.csiro.au/twiki/bin/view/Infosr
vices/MCAProjectTop
30
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31
iLand presupposes competencies in LAS iLand
involves Spatially enabling public and private
sectors Managing land by appropriate regions and
areas, not agencies and jurisdictions Integrating
information (SDI) Evaluating as we go.
32
Evaluation and monitoring
33
UNEP Global Reporting Principles, Sustainability
Reporting Guidelines, 2002
34
GRI Reporting principles
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Highlights of publications Markets land
administration perspective Privacy nature of
spatial information and need to free it from
limitations of purpose restraints Registration
systems differences between systems for
managing work activities and systems for tracking
transactions Cadastres to service complex
commodity markets Tenures using markets to
measure security of tenure Tenures using
remedies (not rights) to regularise land Spatial
Information the emerging opportunity for
government Relative Information incorporating
the expanding realm of information used by
government into LAS
38
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