APEC Low-Carbon Model Town Project Development in China

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APEC Low-Carbon Model Town Project Development
in China

• Sun Yang
• Department of International Cooperation
• National Energy Administration, China

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Content
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With rapid urban development and population
growth , towns and cities become the key areas of
energy consumption and carbon emission in China
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Chinese Government Takes Active Measures for
Climate Changes

• China is the first developing country to
  formulate and implement the National Plan for
  Climate Changes and is the country implementing
  the strongest measures of energy saving and
  emission reduction, with the fastest growing new
  energy sources and renewable energy sources.
• From 1990 to 2005, the unit GDP carbon dioxide
  emission was reduced by 46, percentage of
  non-fossil energy sources in the energy
  consumption grew from 5.1 to 6.8 in 2005
  2020, Chinas unit GDP carbon emission will
  further reduce by 40 45, while percentage of
  non-fossil energy sources will reach 15.

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China Attaches Great Importance on Low Carbon
Development
A Key Strategy to Tackle Climate
Change

• Since 2005, the Ministry of Housing and
  Urban-Rural Development has formulated a series
  of policy measures to promote public transport
  and low-carbon constructions in town.
• In 2010, the NDRC formally put forward the
  initiative of experimental demonstration projects
  of low-carbon urban development in five
  provinces and eight municipalities
• Above policies received active and extensive
  support from the local governments. Low-carbon
  urban development has become an important
  principle and milestone in the new round of urban
  development in China

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Policy measures of the State Council and NDRC of
China to promote low-carbon urban development
July 2010 NDRC issued the Notice on the
Initiation of Experimental Works of Low-Carbon
Provinces and Low-Carbon Cities, setting out the
experimental works of low-carbon provinces and
cities in five provinces and eight
municipalities December 2010 State Council
issued the Notice on the Issuance of National
Plan of Main Functional Areas, proposing the
development of low-carbon cities and reducing the
intensity of warm house gas emission March
2011 State Council issued the Opinions on
Implementation of Division and Specialization of
Key Departments in the Government Work Report,
proposing to advocate the experimental works of
low-carbon cities
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Content
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Concept of Low-Carbon Development in China
Sustainable Development

• Concepts of eco town and energy saving town
  emerged during the urbanization in China are
  similar to the concept of low-carbon town
  which is based on the fundamental principle of
  sustainable development, with the sustainable
  urban development as the fundamental objective,
  but with a focus on the energy supply and demand
  and environmental impact of urban systems.
• Without the fundamental objective of sustainable
  urban development, pursuit for low-carbon
  emission in a singular process may even lead to
  higher carbon emission of the entire urban system
  in its lifecycle. In other words, low-carbon
  urban development in China not only aims for
  reduction of carbon emission, but also the
  multiple benefits of sustainable development
  including economic development, enhancement of
  living standards, environmental protection and
  resource saving etc. at the same time.

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Concept of Low Carbon Town in China Sustainable
Development
Relationship between low-carbon town and
sustainable town , energy saving and ecological
town
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Concept of Low Carbon Town in China Sustainable
Development

• Low-carbon urban development in China is placed
  in the basic framework of sustainable
  development, emphasizing on all levels of town
  including production, living, transport and
  social, resource and sustainable development
  environment to achieve low carbon emission
• Production dimension sustainable, low-carbon
  economies, sustainable and low-carbon transport
• Living dimension sound housing and living
  environment, low-carbon buildings and facilities
• Social dimension public involvement, social
  justice, cultural and wisdom heritage, low-carbon
  values and lifestyles
• Natural resource dimension compact and high
  efficiency land utilization, minimized resource
  consumption
• Ecological environment dimension minimum
  pollution and waste emission, sustainable
  ecological system

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Six Major Approaches to Achieve the Low Carbon
Development Industry, Deployment, Energy,
Building, Transport and Renewable

1. Low-carbon industry low-carbon production
   methods, industrial structure, carbon emission
   performance etc.
2. Low-carbon spacial deployment optimized spatial
   structures, priority to public transport etc.
3. Low-carbon energy sources energy structure and
   supply-demand efficiency
4. Low-carbon buildings building energy saving
   technologies and operations management
5. Low-carbon transport promotion of low-carbon
   travelling, development of public transport,
   improvement of fuel economy, development of
   new-energy source automobiles
6. Renewable resources use of depleted facilities
   and recycling of waste resources

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Content
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We have conducted survey on low carbon practices
in China, collected 77 cases with different
characteristics
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Low-Carbon Industry Layout

• Shijingshan District, Beijing
• The Shougang Group moved out and only left the
  headquarter and research and development
  departments behind
• Great efforts in developing cultural, creative,
  high-tech, commercial services, modern financial,
  tourism and leisure among other low-carbon
  industries

• Datong transformation of resource city
• Anshan energy saving and emission reduction of
  Angang Group
• Jilin transformation of the old industrial
  bases in the northeast China

Newly built high efficiency steel factory (left)
and processing line (right) of the Angang Group
Trial run of EMU manufactured in Jilin
Trends in percentage of the service sector in
Shijingshan District
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Low-Carbon Spacial Plan

• Tianjin Zhongxin Eco City urban planning, urban
  industry and overall planning of transport systems

Zhongxin Tianjin Eco City Public Transport System
(left) and Slow Transport System (right)
Zhongxin Tianjin Eco City Spacial Plan (left) and
Industrial Plan (right)
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• The first low-carbon town demo project of APEC
  Tianjin Yujiabao Financial District
• Invested large amount of human and material
  resources to develop the low-carbon development
  plan to enhance spatial utilization, optimize
  functional and energy deployment, and improve
  energy utilization efficiency and reduce
  transport energy consumption

Long-term plan of Yujiabao green eco
construction
Builders Home for the construction workers to
avoid repeat construction of temporary housing
Underground railway transport system plan of
Yujiabao
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Low-Carbon Energy State Policies and Technical
Development

• Law of Renewable Energy Sources, Notice on the
  Subsidies for Renewable Energy Power Charges and
  Rationed Exchanges in 2006, Notice on
  Accelerating Suspension of Small Thermal Power
  Units and Law on Energy Saving
• China has initiated the first IGCC demo project
  (green coal fired power project in Tianjin),
  full-scale CCS demo project (direct liquidation
  project and saline aquifer sequestration project
  in Nei Mongol) and demo project of intellectual
  grid (Zhongxin Tianjin Eco City)

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Low-Carbon Energy State Policies and Technical
Development

• Wind power, nuclear power, supercritical coal
  fire and ultra-supercritical coal fired power
  units in China rank number one in term of
  production capacity in the world. Production of
  solar cells takes up over 50 of the world total.
  Installed capacities of wind power generators,
  capacity and ownership of solar heaters all rank
  number one in the world.

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De Zhou in Shang Dong Province has been selected
as a pilot project of New Energy City in China.
They are exploring the potential of scaling up
the deployment of rooftop solar heater, power
generation system and roadside solar lamps.
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• Hami, Xinjiang construction of wind power and
  solar power generation bases

Wind and solar power generation base under
construction in Hami, Sinkiang Province
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Low-Carbon Buildings Policies

• 2005 Design Standards for Energy Saving of
  Public Buildings
• 2006 Design Standards for Green Buildings
• 2007 Standards of Quality Testing Acceptance of
  Energy Saving Construction Projects, Work Plan
  for Overall Energy Saving and Emission Reduction
• 2008 Regulations on Energy Saving of Civilian
  Buildings and Regulations of Energy Saving in
  Public Institutions
• 2011 The Twelfth Five-Yearly Plan in
  Construction Industry, proposing that project
  design of new buildings shall be 100 consistent
  with energy saving standards of buildings of the
  state, and construction of new projects shall
  comply with requirements on energy saving of
  building stipulated by the state.

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Low-Carbon Building Practices

• Hongqiao District in Changning, Shanghai online
  monitoring platform of building energy efficiency
• Tsinghua University in Beijing energy saving
  building overall demonstration of energy saving
  technologies
• Zhuhai Regulations and demonstration project
  guidance for energy saving buildings

Vacuum glass (left) and smart shutter cover
device (right) of energy saving building in
Tsinghua
Interface of existing building energy consumption
monitoring system in Changning
Solar water heating system (left) and ground
source heat pump system (right) in buildings in
Zhuhai
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Low-Carbon Transport Policies

• Public Transport
• 2005 Opinions on Prioritized Development of
  Urban Public Transport
• 2006 Opinions on Several Economic Policies on
  Prioritized Development of Urban Public Transport
  
• 2010 Regulations on Urban Public Transport
  (Exposure Draft)
• Fuel Economy
• 2004 Standard Limitations on Fuel Consumption of
  Passenger Vehicles
• 2007 Limitations on Fuel Consumption of Light
  Commercial Vehicles
• 2009 Methods and Indicators of Appraisal on Fuel
  Consumption of Passenger Vehicles
• 2010 Special initiative of low-carbon transport
  and transportation participated by a thousand
  enterprises of automobile, vessels, roads and
  ports
• New Energy Vehicles
• Initiated the demonstration and promotion project
  of new energy source automobiles with a thousand
  cars in ten cities since 2009. 25 cities already
  took part in the project.

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Low-Carbon Transport Practices

• Xian
• Car-less Day and Walk with a Thousand People
  events
• Promotion of bicycle travelling and walking
• Hangzhou
• Free public bicycle service system (swipe card),
  special bicycle control vehicle
• Over 50,000 bicycles and 2,050 bicycle stations,
  daily use of 250,000

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Low-Carbon Transport Practices

• Dalian low-carbon public transport system
• Shenzhen Electrical automobiles

Express bus lane (left) and hybrid power bus
(right) in Dalian
Electrical car charging station in Shenzhen
Light rail trains (left) and metropolitan railway
map (right) in Dalian
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Recycle

• 2008 Law on Advocating the Recycle Economy
• Shanghai public service platform for recycle of
  renewable resources
• Providing users with free environmental
  protection cards and barcodes. Users can stick
  the barcodes to electronic wastes and leave them
  in the nearest recycle boxes. Once the recycle
  box is full, automatic alarm is sent to the
  recycle platform. Recycle platform converts the
  wastes according to the barcodes and types of
  waste into points to be paid into the
  corresponding account of the card.

Real-time monitoring map of alarms
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• Wuhan, Hubei Province reuse of heavy industry
  wastes
• Coal gas from steel factory is supplied to
  chemical plants and thermal heating plants and
  slag is used as construction materials.
• Thermal power plant ashes are used in
  construction or road building, desulfurized
  by-products used to produce commercial grade
  gypsum and denitrification byproducts are used
  for production of urea and ammonia

Bricks (right) made of slag (left)
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Content
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International Cooperation

• Exploring the Potential
• Multilateral cooperation among governments
  (APEC) bilateral cooperation between governments
  (Singapore, U.K., Sweden)
• Comprehensive cooperation on building low-carbon
  towns Tianjin Yujiabao Financial District
  international cooperation covers low carbon
  appraisal and performance target systems,
  transport system, underground planning, regional
  energy supply, energy saving buildings, heat
  island effect analysis, energy efficiency
  management and low-carbon construction etc.
• Improving the Mechanism
• APEC low-carbon urban development demonstration
  initiation of demo project, establishment of
  expert team, discussion on the summit meeting and
  low-carbon urban development demonstration forum
  etc.
• Introduction of Advanced International Concept
• Design teams from multiple countries provided
  planning and design for the Yujiabao financial
  district of Tianjin
• Low Carbon Development Plan of Jilin, an outcome
  of the Study on low-carbon economic methodologies
  and low-carbon economic regional development
  cases is officially published

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Thank You !

• Sun Yang
• Department of International Cooperation
• National Energy Administration, China
• Sydante_at_hotmail.com