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The Senses

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Title: The Senses


1
The Senses

2
  • Senses in Animals
  • Survival
  • Used for survival to tell animals what is going
    on around them
  • Sense organs
  • Ears, nose, tongue, skin, eyes

3
  • Senses in Animals
  • Planarian
  • Lives in ponds, rivers, and lakes
  • 2 sense organs
  • Knobs used for detecting water currents
  • Eyespots only able to tell light from dark

4
  • Senses in Animals
  • Earthworms
  • -light detectors
  • -located just below the skin
  • - Cricket
  • Detects sound from the front of the leg
  • Antennas detect feeling
  • Uses a compound eye for seeing

5
  • Senses in Animals
  • Snake
  • Snakes eyes are similar to human eyes
  • Snakes use their tongue to smell
  • They shoot their tongue out and it catches air
    molecules
  • They bring the air back into its mouth , where
    the sense of smell organ is located

6
Human Sense Organs
  • The Eye
  • Path of light through the eye
  • Sclera
  • Iris
  • Pupil
  • Cornea
  • Lens
  • Retina
  • Vitreous humor

7
  • The eye
  • Light passes and bends first through the cornea
  • Then light passes through the pupil and the lens
  • The light bends again in the lens towards each
    other
  • Light then passes through the vitreous humor
  • The vitreous humor is clear. The light finally
    reaches the retina

8
  • The retina is made up of rods and cones
  • Rods detect motion and light or dark
  • Cones detect color
  • Cones are nerve cells that detect color
  • There are three types of cones, each type detects
    only one color-----red, green, or blue
  • All the other colors are cones acting together

9
  • The optic nerve
  • Carries the message from the eye to the vision
  • Center of the brain
  • 2 things happen at the vision center
  • The brain interprets the message
  • The image is rotated right-side up

10
The Ear
  • 3 parts
  • Outer, Middle, Inner
  • Outer Ear
  • The only part that is visible of the entire ear
  • The ear flap helps direct the sound waves into
    the ear
  • Sound waves travel through the ear canal and bump
    against the ear drum

11
  • Middle Ear
  • The vibration of the sound waves cause the anvil,
    hammer, and the stirrup to move
  • The stirrup is also connected to a membrane that
    vibrates with the motion of the ear bones

12
  • Inner ear
  • The cochlea contains nerve cells that are
    connected to the auditory nerve
  • The auditory nerve takes the message to the brain
    to be interpreted
  • Semicircular Cells
  • Nothing to do with hearing
  • Helps maintain balance

13
The Tongue
  • The tongue contains taste buds that detect taste
  • They detect the chemical molecules in food
  • 4 different types
  • Sour
  • Salty
  • Sweet
  • bitter

14
The Nose
  • Detects gas molecules in the air
  • Neurons line the top of the nasal chamber
  • There are 7 different types of nerve cells in the
    nose that detect a different odor
  • The olfactory nerve takes messages to your brain
    and the cerebrum interprets the message

15
The Skin
  • 2 different layers for the skin
  • The epidermis outside
  • The Dermisinner part
  • 5 nerve cell types
  • Pain
  • Pleasure
  • Touch
  • Heat
  • Cold

16
  • Most nerve cells are found in the dermis
  • But both the epidermis and the dermis share the
    pain cell
  • From the skin, the nerve cells travel to the
    cerebrum to be interpreted
  • They are perceived as cold, hot pain, pleasure,
    or touch
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