John Taylor-Lehman

1
John Taylor-Lehman

• Tri-Valley High School
• Dresden, Ohio 43821
• 740-754-2921
• jtaylor_at_tvschools.org
• 9-12
• Biology, Chemistry
• Oceanography, Zoology

• National Tropical Botanical Garden
• Science Teacher Enrichment Program
• June 1-10, 2010

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THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS

• Read ( Chap 24 )
• 20th Century Med. Man Video (30 min)
• Campus Walk to identify sps. (sheet in
  binder) common, trees, bushes and herbs
  (locust, oak, pear, hemlock, dandelion, violet,
  grass, poison ivy, dogwood, pine, black cherry)
• Crossword Puzzle (sheet in binder)
• 3 Day recall of plant contacts
• Dendrochronology Lab Activity
• Chromatography Lab Activity

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THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS

• Topics
• A. Classification flowers, conifers, ferns,
  and mosses
• B. Major plants cultivated for food
• C. Human History and Cultivation
• D. Plant Anatomy

4

• Info on seeds was covered for
• quarter long project
• Flower parts were covered when
• we did genetics

5
Brain Storming Activity

• Purpose Check for prior knowledge, Cooperative
  Learning
• Question What words come to mind when you hear
  the word plant?

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• Individually- list a min. of 20 words associated
  with plants (5 foods max.)
• Pairs- eliminate duplicates and get list back up
  to a min. of 20.
• Group- eliminate duplicates and get back to a
  min. of 20
• Whole Class Compile total list and organize into
  categories
• Group with the most unique words get prize
• Save list till the end of the unit

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FLOWER ANATOMY
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POLLEN
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Apple seeds
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A. Plant Classification
Draw this in your notes on a half sheet of paper

• http//classic.sidwell.edu/us/science/vlb/class/pl
  antae/plant-tree.jpg

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MOSS
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FERN
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CONIFERS
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FLOWERING PLANTS
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??????????

• If you are allergic to Poison Ivy
  Toxicodendron radicans
  then you will likely be allergic to the
  Devils Fruit

http//www.ppws.vt.edu/scott/weed_id/poisonivy8-11
b.jpg
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http//utopiankitchen.files.wordpress.com/2007/11/
cashews.jpg

• CASHEW
• Anacardium occidentale
• Fruit and seed

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And allergic to

• The fruit Mango Mangifera indica L.
  (not the green pepper
  Capsicum annuum)

the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae
Any ideas about why this is true?
http//www.worldwidehealth.com/ecards/6403_tn_gree
n20pepper.jpg
http//www.oisat.org/images/Sabermango.jpg
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B. The importance of plants (as food)

• 275,000 SPS. OF FLOWERING PLANTS
• 3,000 USED FOR HUMAN FOOD
• 200 DOMESTICATED
• 12 MAIN FOODS

reference Seeds to Civilization C.Heizer
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DOMESTICATION

• - REQUIRE HUMAN INTERVENTION TO MAINTAIN CURRENT
  FORM

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Group Activity!

• Name the major food crop plants that are harvest
  from around the world.
• This is based on amount of plant matter harvested
• A student will record suggestions on the SMART
  Board from classmates. Teacher will screen
  responses.

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list is by weight harvested
1. 7. 13. 2. 8. 14. 3 9. 15. 4.
10. 16. 5. 11. 17. 6. 12.
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list is by weight harvested
1. SUGAR CANE 7. BARLEY 13. GRAPE 2.
WHEAT 8. MANIOC 14. TOMATO 3. CORN 9.
SWEET POTATO 15. OAT 4. RICE 10. SOY BEAN
16. ORANGE 5. POTATO 11. SORGHUM 17.
APPLE 6. SUGAR BEET 12. BANANA
What do all the have in common?
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Look closely at them
A MAJOR plant group The Grass family
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maize
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SUGAR CANE
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Mature wheat
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RICE
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Rice
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POTATO
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SUGAR BEET
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BARLEY
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manioc
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SWEET POTATO
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SORGHUM
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BANANA
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banana
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NOTES ON 20TH CENTURY MED MAN. (video in
library)

• Botany
• Ethnobotany
• Dr. Mark Plotkin (Harvard)
• Jaguar Shaman
• 25 of modern meds have their origin in plants
• examples poppy (opium, morphine) periwinkle
  (vincristine) willow (aspirin)
• Info lost about plants b/c
• Young people are uninterested in learning
• Extermination of tribes
• Loss of rain forest
• Death of knowledgeable elders

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C. HUMAN EXISTENCE

• 200,000 TO 100,000 humans in an early forms
  H. sapiens var. sapiens and H. sapiens var.
  neaderthalensis
• 25,000 to 35,000 years ago substantial
  archeological and fossil evidence of ONLY H.
  sapiens var. sapiens (us)

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EARLY HUMAN LIFESTYLE?

• Hunter/gatherer
• Man herd food
  season
• Change in human behavior approximately 9,000
  years ago
• Domestication/agriculture develops simultaneously
  in several places in the world

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GOOD EVIDENCE OF FARMING

• 7,000 B.C. Fertile Crescent, Near East
  Wheat , Barley
• " Thailand bean and pea
• 5,000 Asia rice
• 7,000-5,000 Mexico near Texas gourds,
  chili, beans
• 5,000 Mexico City squash, beans, avacado,
  Maize

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Current foods in an area reflect heritage
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Brain Storming Activity

• Purpose Problem Solving, Cooperative Learning
• Question What plants would you take if you left
  your home for a destination with unknown
  resources?

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(No Transcript)
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Canoe Plants

• Heres what the people who first settled Hawaii
  brought with them.
• Video link will be linked here of Brian T.
  Yamamoto describing Hawaiian Canoe Plants
• Insert image of canoe from classroom

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• Individually- list a min. of 20 plants essential
  for survival
• Pairs- eliminate duplicates and get list back up
  to a min. of 20.
• Group- eliminate duplicates and get back to a
  min. of 20
• Whole Class Compile total list and reduce to 20
• Group with the most ?
  plants gets a prize

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HOMEWORK

• 1. 3 DAY RECALL OF YOUR CONTACT WITH PLANTS
• 2. AT LEAST 10 PLANTS PER DAY MUST BE RECORDED
• 3. BE READY FOR ME TO COLLECT THEM AT ANY TIME
• 4. 10 PTS.

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Anti-Bacterial properties of Spices

• Hope to improve my bacteria unit by expanding the
  use of spices in our LAB on bacteria culturing
  and growth inhibition

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D. PLANT ANATOMYPart II of PlantsRead 569-582
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I. GROSS ANATOMY

• ROOTS (functions?)
• Anchor
• absorb water and nutrients
• asexual reproduction (ex. Raspberry)
• storage ex. Yam, carrot , beet

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LEAVES

• Photosynthesis
• Enzymes, sunlight, chlorophyll
• Transpiration release of water through the leaf
  surface. The plant is like a straw. Roots have
  the opening and the leaves have the exit

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STEM FUNCTIONS CONTINUED

• asexual reproduction ex. African violet
  Kalanchoe
• storage ex. Cabbage, onion, lettuce

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STEM (functions?)

• support the leaves and flowers
• asexual reproduction ex. Potato,
  strawberry
• storage ex. Potato, broccoli, cauliflower ,
  asparagus

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II. CELLULAR ANATOMY

• transport
• xylem
• phloem
• dividing region
• absorption

• Water up
• Sugars down
• Meristem
• Root tip

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• support- wood
• dating activity with growth rings

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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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How old is this stem?
12 years old
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Photosynthesis

• leaf anatomy- stomata
• from work sheet
• chromatography- pigments
• chlorophyll
• carotene
• xanthophylls

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III. PLANT RESPONSES (tropisms)

• Controlled by hormones that stimulate specific
  cells to grow
• Thigmo tropism
• Phototropism
• Gravitropism
• chemotropism

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cell division

• Adding to length at root and stem tips by apical
  meristem

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cell division

• Adding to the width-lateral meristem
• Vascular bundle
• Looks vaguely like an ice cream cone

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Cell division where the cells are reproducing

• root and stem tips apical meristem
• width- lateral meristem

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Photosynthesis

• 1. Leaf Anatomy stomata and guard cells (from
  worksheet)
• 2. Chromatography- pigment mixtures are separated
  and analyzed
• Chlorophyll green pigment
• Carotene orange pigment
• Xanthophylls yellow pigment

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III. PLANT RESPONSES (tropisms)

• Controlled by hormones that stimulate specific
  cells to grow
• Thigmotropism response to touch (vines, venus
  fly traps)
• Phototropism response to light (seedlings)
• Gravitropism up and down growth
• Chemotropism response to a chemical stimulus
  (ex. fertilizer)

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Thigmotropism

• The turning or bending response of an organism
  upon direct contact with a solid surface or
  object.

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Phototropism
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Gravitropism
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Chemotropism

• Growth towards water or fertilizer (sewage line)

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Legumes

• Simple dry fruit
• Common name for fruit is a pod
• Peas, beans, lentils, and peanuts
• High in protein

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Quiz on plants

• Video Med Man,
• Human uses of plants, Text Chap 24 and Read
  569-582
• Notes,
• Vocab
• LABS Tree Ring, Chromotography, Campus Walk and
  Plant identification,
• Cross word
• Plant anatomy

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4th Quarter NOTEBOOK CONTENTS

• Cover Sheet
• Assignment Sheet
• Grade Sheet
• Vocabulary (96 - 138)
• Notes

• Daily Work
• Pg 149 Theory of Evol WS
• Pg 157 Theory of Evol WS
• History of Life WS
• Pg 161 Evolution WS
• Plant Puzzle\Leaf labeling
• Virus Paragraph (living or nonliving)
• Labs
• Peppered Moth
• Amino Acid Lab
• Viral Lab
• Plant Walk
• Dendrochronology

THIS IS 10 OF YOUR QUARTER GRADE!!!
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Notebook check MONDAY.Heres another option
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Plant Jeopardy Easy questions

1. Products of photosynthesis?
2. This transports water in a plant - ______
3. Define ethnobotany. The study of the uses of
   plants
4. What is causing loss of knowledge in rainforest
   ecosystems?
5. Release of water through leaf surface is called
   ________.
6. Square stemstrong smell ________
7. Trees can either be flower producing or _____
   producing.

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Plant Jeopardy Easy questions

1. Products of photosynthesis? Sugar and oxygen
2. This transports water in a plant - __xylem____
3. Define ethnobotany. The study of the uses of
   plants in a culture
4. What is causing loss of knowledge in rainforest
   ecosystems? Death of shaman and loss of
   rainforest
5. Release of water through leaf surface is called
   _transpiration_______.
6. Square stemstrong smell __mint______
7. Trees can either be flower producing or _cone____
   producing.

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Medium Level

• What does chromotography do?
• What is the stomata of a leaf?
• What controls the stomata?
• Functions of the roots?
• Name two things that we eat that are
  roots.stems.and leaves.
• Where does cell division occur in plants?
• What plants are cultivated in Mexico?
• Contrast phloem and xylem cells.
• Contrast wind vs. insect pollinated flowers.

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Medium Level

• What does chromatography do? Separates chemicals
  by size
• What is the stomata of a leaf? Openings in leaf
  bottom to release water, O2 and take in CO2
• What controls the stomata? Guard cells
• Functions of the roots? Absorb, storage, anchor,
  asex
• Name two things that we eat that are
  roots.stems.and leaves.
• Where does cell division occur in plants?meristem
• What plants are cultivated in Mexico? maize,
  beans, avocado, gourd
• Contrast phloem and xylem cells. Sugar down,
  water up
• Contrast wind vs. insect pollinated flowers.

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Difficult Questions

1. What was the evidence of farming 7000-5000 BC?
2. What does domestication mean?
3. What do tree rings tell us?
4. What are the functions of the leaf?
5. Give the basic chemical reaction of
   photosynthesis.
6. The fruit of a maple tree is called a ___.
7. Name three grains that are on the list of top
   food crops harvested by weight.

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Difficult Questions

1. What was the evidence of farming 7000-5000 BC?
   settlements
2. What does domestication mean? requires human
   involvement to maintain current form
3. What do tree rings tell us? Age, past weather
   conditions
4. What are the functions of the leaf?
   Photosynthesis, asexual reproduction, storage,
   transpiration
5. Give the basic chemical reaction of
   photosynthesis.
6. The fruit of a maple tree is called a _samara__.
7. Name three grains that are on the list of top
   food crops harvested by weight. Wheat, rice,
   maize, oats, barley, sorghum

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Quiz on plants

• Video Med Man,
• Human uses of plants, Text
• Notes,
• Vocab
• LABS Tree Ring, Chromotography, Campus Walk and
  Plant identification,
• Cross word
• Plant anatomy

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• Vocabulary
• Cereal
• Legumes
• root crops
• fruit
• grain
• vegetative part

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• Dermal tissue,
• ground tissue,
• root hairs,
• root cap,
• herbaceous plant,
• vascular bundle
• transpiration