Minerals and Rocks

1
Minerals and Rocks
Standard/Objective S6E5.b. Investigate the
contribution of minerals to rock composition. .
2
EQ What are rocks made of?
minerals
3
Minerals are not made by people they are
naturally occurring substances.
4
What is a mineral?

• Naturally occurring (No human input)
• Non-organic (they are not made by life processes)
  
• Characteristic chemical composition
• Distinctive physical properties
• Crystalline structure

5
Name four properties (or clues) that scientists
use to identify minerals.
Color, luster, streak, and hardness
6
Which property means the way the light bounces
off the mineral?
luster
7
LusterHow minerals reflect light
8
What words can be used to describe a minerals
luster?
Glassy, dull, shiny, greasy
9
Why is color not a good property to use to
identify a mineral?
limestone
slate
Many minerals have the same color.
10
Cleavage Fracture

• Cleavage planes of weakness along which minerals
  can break
• Fracture surfaces along which minerals can break

11
Cleavage Fracture
Best identified on a fracture surface
12
Streak

• The powdered form of a mineral

13
What are three testers that can be used to
determine a minerals hardness?
14
HardnessBased on Mohs scale of hardness
15
Find the Definition for the following vocabulary
word in the Text.

• Mineral-Naturally occurring inorganic solid that
  has a definite chemical composition and an
  orderly internal atomic structure.
• Crystal- solid in which the atoms are arranged in
  orderly , repeating pattern.
• Silicate- minerals that contain silicon and
  oxygen and usually one or more other elements
• Hardness-Measure oh how easily a mineral can be
  scratched
• Luster-describes the way a mineral reflects light
  from its surface can be metallic or nonmetallic
• Streak-color of a mineral when it is in powdered
  from.
• Cleavage- minerals that break along smooth, flat
  surfaces
• Fracture- minerals that break with uneven, rough
  or jagged surfaces
• Specific gravity- the ratio of its weight
  compared with the weight of an equal volume of
  water.