FRACSEAL

1
FRACSEAL

• An inexpensive product to
• Improve Production
• Reduce Drilling Time

2
WELLBORE INSTABILITY

• The presence of microfractures is now
• recognized as a common cause of
• severe wellbore instability, particularly
• in ultra-low permeability rocks such as
• shales and some limestones.

3
To establish an effective flow barrier that stop
or minimise fluid invasion into microfractures

• An additive must be present in the mud system at
  all times so that microfractures are contacted
  immediately the drill bit exposes to them.
• They will not be effective if used as a pill
  treatment to stabilize a formation that has
  already begin to fail.

4
Interbedded Shale and Carbonate
Shale
High Porosity Carbonate
5
Pore Characteristics of API Filter Paper
andHigh Porosity Formation
Unconsolidated Sand
Carbonate
API Filter Paper
Sand Stone
Microscopic Image 100 Mag.
6
FRACSEAL Developed Based on 20/40 Gravelpack
Sand Porosity
Unconsolidated Sand
Carbonate
Sand Stone
20/40 Gravelpack Sand
Microscopic Image 100 Mag.
7
Unconsolidated Sand Formation Affected by
Drilling Mud

• WITH Flow barrier

• Without flow barrier

Minimum Drilling Mud Infiltration
Drilling Mud Infiltration
Drilling Mud with FRACSEAL
Drilling Mud
Unconsolidated Sand Formation
Unconsolidated Sand Formation
FRACSEAL Filter cake
8
Drilling Mud Without Effective Flow Barrier
( Permeable Filtercake )

• Permeable Filtercake

20/40 Gravelpack Sand
9
Drilling Mud With Effective Flow Barrier (
Fracseal )
Fracseal Filtercake
20/40 Gravelpack Sand
10
Filtercake Comparison Test

• Mica and Nutplug

Fracseal
Soft and Permeable Filtercake
Tough and Impermeable Filtercake
No Penetration of Fine Solid
Penetration of Fine Solid
20/40 Gravelpack Sand
20/40 Gravelpack Sand
11
FRACSEAL Filtercake

at Ambient Temperature
Solid Particles Trap by Fracseal
CSIRO Perth
12
FRACSEAL Filtercake
After 24 Hours Hot Rolling at 350 F
Trapped Fine Solids by FRACSEAL Fitercake
CSIRO Perth
13
Pore Characteristics of Common LCM
WALLNUT Medium
MICA Medium
GRAPHITE Medium
MARBLE Medium
Microscopic Image 100 Mag.
14
Temperature Resistance Test of FRACSEAL
For 24 Hours at 350O F
Before
After
Microscopic Image 40 Mag.
Microscopic Image 40 Mag.
Microscopic Image 400 Mag.
Microscopic Image 400 Mag.
CSIRO Perth
15
PSD of FRACSEAL (Medium) before and after 24 hrs
hot rolling at 350 F
16
Return Permeability to Oil as a function of
differential pressureDynamic Circulation Method
Sample ID Porosity ( ) (Swi) () Ko (at Swi) (mD) 10 PSI DIFFERENTIAL 10 PSI DIFFERENTIAL 50 PSI DIFFERENTIAL 50 PSI DIFFERENTIAL 100 PSI DIFFERENTIAL 100 PSI DIFFERENTIAL 250 PSI DIFFERENTIAL 250 PSI DIFFERENTIAL 500 PSI DIFFERENTIAL 500 PSI DIFFERENTIAL
Sample ID Porosity ( ) (Swi) () Ko (at Swi) (mD) Return Perm. (mD) Ko () Return Perm. (mD) Ko () Return Perm. (mD) Ko () Return Perm. (mD) Ko () Return Perm. (mD) Ko ()
Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB Oil Base Mud 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.9 384 70.5 419 76.9 431 79.1 444 81.5 Oil Base Mud Fracseal 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.1 529 83.7 542 85.8 546 86.4 559 88.5 PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4 18.7 11.6 9.2 8.6 Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL 11.9 File CORELAB
17
Return Permeability Curve Dynamic Circulation
Method
Source CORELAB
18
100psi Pressure TestOil Base Mud

• Oil Base Mud Fracseal

• Oil Base Mud

19
OIL BASE MUD(Field Mud)
Rheology at 120 F Base Fluid Base fluid 10 ppb Fracseal
Mud Weight, ppg 11.7 11.7
Viscosity reading _at_ 120 F
6 rpm 15 18
3 rpm 13 16
PV 56 66
YP 28 34
Gels 10 Second 15/28 18/28
HTHP _at_300F, 500 psi,cc/30 min 1 1

20
Benefits of FRACSEAL

• Increased production
• Better hole stability
• Unconsolidated Sand
• Shales
• Coal
• Gumbo
• Reduced torque and drag
• Reduced potential for differential sticking
• Reduced seepage loss
• Reduced whole mud loss