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????? (The nature

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Title: PowerPoint Author: teacher Last modified by: HGSS Created Date: 5/4/2001 6:51:39 AM Document presentation format: Company – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: ????? (The nature


1
?????(The nature action of genes)
  • ?????? (DNA)
  • ?? (gene)
  • ???? (genetic code)
  • ?????? (protein synthesis)

2
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DNA ???????? (?)
  • ????????? DNA ????
  • ??????? DNA ?????
  • ?????? DNA ???????????
  • DNA ??????????
  • DNA ?????
  • ??????????????

9
DNA ???????? (?)
  • ??? (mutagens)
  • ? ?? DNA ???????????
  • ? ?? DNA ?????
  • ? ??????? DNA ????

10
DNA ???????? (?)
  • ?????????? (Griffith) 1928?
  • ???????? (Pneumococci)
  • ????? (virulent smooth strain)
  • ?????? (non-virulent rough strain)

11
  • ?????? (genetic transformation)
  • ??????????????????????, ????????????
  • ????????????????? (transforming factor)
  • ?? 1944 ?, ?????? Avery ???????????????? DNA

12
DNA ???????? (?)
  • 1952?, ??? ?? (Hershey) ??? (Chase)
  • ????? T2 ?????????
  • 35 S ??????
  • 32 P ????

13
DNA ???????? (?)
  • ??? (Edwin Chargaff) 1950 ??
  • ????? DNA ????????
  • ?? DNA ????
  • A ?? T ??
  • G ?? C ??

14
???? (Genetic code)
  • ??????????????
  • Watson Crick (1953?) ?????????? DNA ???????
  • DNA ??????????
  • (? DNA ?????????????????)

15
?? (Code)
  • DNA ????????????
  • --gt ????????????
  • ? 3 ????? ( Nirenberg, 1964 ? )
  • ( ???????? / ???)
  • --gt 64 ??????
  • --gt ?? 20 ???????

16
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17
????????(Characteristics of triplet code)
  • ???? (universal)
    - ???????????????
  • ???? (degenerate)
    - ???????????????
  • ????? (non-overlapping) -
    ????????
  • ????? (terminating codons) -
    ?????????
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