BRITISH RULE IN QUEBEC

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BRITISH RULE IN QUEBEC
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Conquest of New France

• Plains of Abraham 1759
• Articles of Capitulation Quebec City
• Articles of Capitulation Montreal
• Military Government 1760-1763
• Treaty of Paris 1763
• Royal Proclamation 1763

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Britannia rules the waves
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and the land??
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Plains of Abraham1759
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Write down what you see
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What event is this?
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Death of Wolfe
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The Death of Montcalm
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Reasons for French defeat

• Limited economysolely based on furs
• British naval superiority
• Population size v.s. territory
• Centralized government

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Articles of Capitulation

• Military Government
• French allowed to keep property
• French allowed religious freedom
• French law and customs permitted
• French elite forced to leave
• Elite included Nobility, officers,merchants,admin
  istrators.

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Royal Proclamation 1763
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Royal Proclamation Governor Murray1763
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Royal Proclamation 1763

• Was intended to replace French laws with English
  Laws
• Established Protestant churches and schools
• Freedom of religion continued
• Territory significantly reduced
• Civilian government established
• Test Act passed requiring oath of allegiance to
  Great Britain

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James Murray

• 1st British governor of Quebec 1763-1766
• Realized Royal Proclamation would be impossible
  to implement in Quebec
• Only a tiny portion of the population was English
  and Protestant
• Tried to be conciliatory with French population.
• Allowed a new Catholic Bishop to be named

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Murray cont.

• Refused to convene assembly because it favoured
  the English population, specifically English
  merchants
• Allowed French law to be used in lower courts
• Merchants complained to London and had Murray
  replaced by Carleton
• Carleton essentially continued Murrays policies

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Boundaries after conquest
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Sir Guy Carleton 1766-1778
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The American Revolution

• NO
• TAXATION
• WITHOUT
• REPRESENTATION

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Causes of the American Revolution

• Britain enforced discriminatory laws such as the
  Navigation Act which forced the colonies to trade
  only with Great Britain
• Mercantilism
• Britain taxed unfairly
• Royal Proclamation and creation of Indian
  Territories

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Causes cont

• The Stamp Act which taxed official documents
• Large military presence
• The Boston Massacre, 3 Americans killed
• Closing of Boston Harbour
• Appeasement of French Canadians through the
  Quebec Act

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Boston Tea Party 1773
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The Quebec Act1774
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Quebec Act 1774

• Passed to appease French Canadians and discourage
  them from supporting American Revolution
• Enlarged territory of Quebec to include Ohio
  Valley and constrain growth of United States
• Repealed Test Act.
• Catholic Church tithe was reinstated
• French Civil law and British Criminal law

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American Invasion of Canada1775
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American invasion of Canada

• Attempt by Americans to implicate French
  Canadians in revolt against Britain
• U.S. forces moved north from Boston along the
  coast and up Lake Champlain then via the
  Richelieu, through St.Jean, to attack Quebec.
• The attack, at first successful, was repelled and
  the American forces were driven off.

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Loyalists arrive in Canada1775

• Loyalists begin to arrive in Canada due to
  persecution in 13 colonies
• Approximately 6000 settled in Quebec
• These were people loyal to the British crown.
• Rebel victories forced them to emigrate north to
  Canada.
• They settled in Ontario and various places in
  Quebec, including present day Eastern Townships.

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Loyalists arrive in Canada 1775
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Treaty of Paris 1783
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Who are these guys??
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Constitutional Act 1791

• Established Upper and Lower Canada
• Entrenched rights for the Loyalists
• Established representative assemblies
• Was a small step towards responsible government
• Due in part to arrival of loyalists
• Tithe and Seigneurial system restored
• French free to hold public office

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