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SURREALISM

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SURREALISM Giorgio de Chirico Max Ernst Joan Miro Paul Klee Salvador Dali Rene Magritte Surrealism was a style of art and literature that stressed the subconscious or ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: SURREALISM


1
SURREALISM
  • Giorgio de Chirico
  • Max Ernst
  • Joan Miro
  • Paul Klee
  • Salvador Dali
  • Rene Magritte

2
  • Surrealism was a style of art and literature that
    stressed the subconscious or non rational
    significance of imagery arrived at by automatism
    or the exploitation of chance effects, or
    unexpected juxtapositions.

3
  • Surrealism was not only an art movement, but a
    philosophy that embraced literature, music,
    cinema, and popular culture. Surrealist poets
    experimented with Automatism, a form of writing
    that had poets trying to record their thoughts,
    without conscious control and without any
    conscious regard for aesthetic or moral
    considerations.

4
  • Surrealist artists thought of their images as
    visual poems.

5
  • Surrealism flourished in Europe between World
    Wars I and II. It grew principally out of the
    earlier Dada movement, which before World War I
    produced works of anti-art that deliberately
    defied reason but Surrealisms emphasis was not
    on negation but on positive expression.

6
  • The movement was a reaction against the
    destruction wrought by the "rationalism" that had
    guided European culture and politics in the past
    and had culminated in the horrors of World War I.

7
  • According to the major spokesman of the movement,
    the poet and critic André Breton, who published
    "The Surrealist Manifesto" in 1924, Surrealism
    united conscious and unconscious realms of
    experience so that the world of dream and fantasy
    would be joined to the everyday rational world in
    "an absolute reality, a surreality."

8
  • Drawing heavily on theories adapted from Sigmund
    Freud, (the Swiss psychiatrist) Breton saw the
    unconscious as the wellspring of the imagination.
    He defined genius in terms of accessibility to
    this normally untapped realm, which, he believed,
    could be attained by poets and painters.

9
Marc Chagall 1887 - 1985
  • The Russian painter Marc Chagall was an early
    inspiration for the Surrealist movement. While
    he always kept one foot planted in the real
    Russian soil that produced him, he was one of the
    first to free his visual imagination from the
    bonds of reason and convention, and his work
    served as inspiration for the Surrealists.

10
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11
  • Chagall
  • I and the Village

12
Marc Chagall - Birthday
13
Giorgio de Chirico 1888 - 1978
  • De Chirico was an Italian painter whose works
    from the period 1909 to 1919, were to have an
    influence on the Surrealist movement that would
    form a few years later.
  • De Chirico read and admired the writing of
    Nietzsche, the nihilist philosopher when De
    Chirico travelled through the city of Turin, on
    his way to Paris in 1911, he felt he had found
    Nietzsches city, and created several disquieting
    paintings of desolate urban landscapes.

14
Giorgio De Chirico (Italian)
  • Melancholy and the Mystery of the Street

15
De Chirico Italian Piazza
16
  • Salvador Dali is often the first name we
    associate with Surrealism, but he did not join
    the movement until 1929, five years after its
    founding, and he was kicked out of the movement
    in 1939, because of his fascist leanings.

17
  • Dali was something of an exhibitionist he loved
    to gain publicity by shocking or provoking his
    critics.
  • He spent the war years (WWII) in America, where
    he made a fortune working with advertisers and
    with Disney.

18
Salvador Dali The Enigma of Hitler - 1939
19
  • Salvador Dali
  • The Enigma of Time

20
Dali - Apparition of the Aphrodite of Cnidus
21
Salvador Dali Geopolitical Child
22
  • Salvador Dali
  • The Burning Giraffe
  • Here we see one of Dalis motifs, the drawers
    that suggest the hidden contents of the human
    subconscious

23
The City of Drawers
24
  • The Drawers of the Psyche

25
  • Salvador Dali
  • Space Elephant
  • Dali returned to this spindly legged elephant
    motif over and over again. The fragile legs seem
    incapable of supporting the weight of the animal.

26
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27
  • (just for you George)

28
Salvador Dali Alice in Wonderland
  • Lewis Carols story of the girl who fell down a
    rabbit hole held a special fascination for Dali,
    as Alices journey is a voyage into the
    subconscious, the realm of surrealism.

29
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30
  • Dali
  • Illustration from Alice in Wonderland

31
  • Dali
  • - from Alice in Wonderland

32
  • Rene Magritte
  • 1898 - 1967

33
  • Magritte loved to use the props of normalcy in
    order to upend, invert and collapse them, leading
    the viewer into the unknown territory where life
    leaves off and art begins. "The mind loves the
    unknown," he avowed, "it loves images whose
    meaning is unknown, since the meaning of the mind
    itself is unknown."

34
Magritte The Treachery of Images 1928/29
35
  • The Treachery of Images is perhaps Magrittes
    best known work. Magritte is reminding the
    viewer that an image is just an image.

36
  • Magritte
  • Attempting the Impossible
  • Here again, Magritte warns of the impossibility
    of creating an ideal reality through art.

37
  • Magritte's work frequently displays a
    juxtaposition of ordinary objects in an unusual
    context, giving new meanings to familiar things.
  • Magritte described his paintings as "visible
    images which conceal nothing they evoke mystery
    and, indeed, when one sees one of my pictures,
    one asks oneself this simple question, 'What does
    that mean?'. It does not mean anything, because
    mystery means nothing either, it is unknowable."

38
Magritte The Tomb of the Wrestlers
39
Magritte Golconde 1953
40
  • Time Transfixed
  • 1939

41
  • Magritte
  • Presence

42
Magritte The False Mirror
43
Magritte The Tempest
44
  • 1912, Magrittes mother committed suicide by
    drowning herself in the River Sambre. According
    to a legend, 13-year-old Magritte was present
    when her body was retrieved from the water, but
    recent research has discredited this story, which
    may have originated with the family nurse.
    Supposedly, when his mother was found, her dress
    was covering her face, an image that has been
    suggested as the source of several paintings
    Magritte painted in 19271928 of people with
    cloth obscuring their faces, including Les Amants.

45
Magritte Les Amants (The Lovers)
46
  • Magritte's constant play with reality and
    illusion has been attributed to the early death
    of his mother. Psychoanalysts who have examined
    bereaved children have said that Magritte's back
    and forth play with reality and illusion reflects
    his "constant shifting back and forth from what
    he wishes'mother is alive'to what he
    knows'mother is dead' "
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