JAI_ppt_temp_RevA

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JAI_ppt_temp_RevA
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GigE camera interfaceopens up new possibilities

• Presentation at Vision 2005
• Industrial Vision Days
• Stuttgart Messe
• JAI Camera Solutions
• Gunnar Jonson

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Scope of presentation

• Rationale for serial camera interfaces
• Comparison of interface alternatives
• Adapting Gigabit Ethernet for Vision
• Frame Grabber-free solution
• GigE cameras for Vision
• Possible system configurations
• Roadmap of future cameras
• Conclusions

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Rationale for serial camera interfaces

• The traditional means of connecting cameras in
  machine vision (and other similar applications)
  is through a dedicated frame grabber/ image
  acquisition board installed in a PC.

• With the exception of designing proprietary
  interfaces, the market has for a long time relied
  on analogue and parallel digital interfaces.

• There has, however, always been a desire to have
  a standardized serial digital interface that
  connects directly into a PC, without the need for
  a specialized interface card.

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Rationale for serial camera interfaces

• Several computer industry based interfaces, such
  as Ethernet, USB and FireWire have been early
  candidates for serving as a digital serial camera
  interface.
• Shortcomings in transmission speed, transmission
  efficiency and standardization ruled these
  candidates out for many years, and the industry
  has continued to use frame grabber based
  solutions.

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Rationale for serial camera interfaces

• Recently, serial interfaces have been able to
  prove themselves in machine vision type
  applications.
• This is thanks to increased standardization (IIDC
  / IEEE 1392) and increased transmission speed
  (IEEE 1394B and USB2), bundled with aggressive
  market pricing.
• Gigabit Ethernet is also proving to be a serious
  contender, thanks to the GigE Vision initiative.
• The next slide provides comparison of the various
  camera interfaces.

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Comparison of different interfaces
Technology GigE Vision IIDC IEEE 1394B USB2 Camera Link Analogue Coax or Twisted Pair
Type of standard Commercial Consumer/ Computer Network Consumer/ Office Commercial Commercial /Broadcast
Connection Type Point to point or LAN link (Cat 5 TP - RJ45) Peer to peer shared bus Master/slave shared bus Point to point link (MDR 26 pin) Point to point/multiplexed
Performance lt1000Mb/s continuous mode, equivalent to 100 Mbytes/sec lt800Mb/s continuous mode, equivalent to 65 Mbytes/sec lt480Mb/s USB2 burst mode lt2380Mb/s (base) lt7140Mb/s (full) continuous mode Depends on digitization in Frame Grabber
CPU Load Low Low High Low Low
Distance -max w/switch -max w/fiber lt100m (no switch) No Limit No Limit lt4.5m 72m 200m lt5m 30m lt10m Repeater is possible 100s of meters 100s of meters
Max number of devices Unlimited 63 127 1 Depends on MUX
PC Interface GigE NIC (on mother board) PCI card On mother board PCI Frame grabber PCI Frame grabber
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Adapting Gigabit Ethernet for Vision

• Gigabit Ethernet in itself provides 10 times
  higher bandwidth than 100 BaseT ethernet, which
  brings promise for use as a camera interface.
• However, the inherent overhead of Ethernet for
  computer networks using standard TCP/IP Windows
  stack makes it less attractive for demanding
  applications due to
• Small packets
• High CPU usage
• By adopting a modified protocol based on UDP
  with jumbo packets and
• by implementing a high performance driver
  reducing CPU usage to a few percent, an
  attractive solution is created.
• A standardization committee, consisting of around
  40 members, supported by AIA, is responsible for
  creating an industry standard for camera
  interfacing based on Gigabit Ethernet.
• This standard is named GigE Vision.

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Adapting Gigabit Ethernet for Vision
Standard packet 1440 Bytes (56 Bytes header)
96.1 efficiency
(High CPU overhead for sending many small packets)
Jumbo packet Max. 16224 Bytes (one 56 Bytes
header)
99,7 efficiency
(Very low CPU overhead as only one packet)
In combination with a High Performance Driver,
based on TCP/IP offload-engine, it provides
higher transmission efficiency and drastically
reduces CPU usage.
) Comparison based on sending 16224 bytes of data
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Adapting Gigabit Ethernet for Vision

• Here is an explanation of the different protocols
  that can be employed for Gigabit Ethernet

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Adapting Gigabit Ethernet for Vision

• Windows own standard network stack, TCP/IP.
• Advantages
• Possible to use one and the same NIC (Network
  Interface Card) for both normal networking and
  video.
• Works with all network interface cards (NIC).
• Disadvantages
• Very CPU demanding due to IRQ generation (about
  50).
• Max 68 MB/s on 2.8GHz Pentium 4 with
  Hyperthreading.
• When to use
• For very low resolution cameras with low frame
  rate, but in reality no practical use in machine
  vision.

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Adapting Gigabit Ethernet for Vision
Windows TCP/IP stack function
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Adapting Gigabit Ethernet for Vision

• Universal IP Filter Driver combined with TCP/IP.
• (Is actually a network service that filters IP
  packets out.)
• Advantages
• Tries to use DMA for more efficient video
  transfer to PC memory.
• Uses less CPU compared to Windows stack. (82MB/s
  at 15CPU).
• Possible to use one NIC for both normal
  networking and video.
• Can be used with almost any NIC.
• Disadvantages
• Not as efficient as High Performance driver
• When to use
• Simple applications where data and image need to
  share the same network.

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Adapting Gigabit Ethernet for Vision
IP filter driver function
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Adapting Gigabit Ethernet for Vision

• High Performance Driver, UDP/IP
• Advantages
• Uses DMA for streaming video directly to memory.
• Very low CPU load. (108MB/s at 2 CPU load).
• High bandwidth.
• Can act as DHCP server.
• Disadvantages
• Limits the use of the NIC to GigE Vision
  applications.
• Currently only available for Intel PRO/1000
  family adapters.

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Adapting Gigabit Ethernet for Vision
High Performance driver function
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Frame Grabber-free solution

• The availability of high performance serial
  interfaces eliminates the need for a dedicated
  frame grabber/image capture card in the PC for a
  majority of applications.
• There are, however, functions provided by more
  advanced image capture cards, that now need to be
  accomodated by the camera
• Flat field / shading correction
• Color interpolation
• Image compression
• LUT
• Etc...
• The camera also needs to have the capabilty to
  handle simple I/O functions, which today is seen
  on the more advanced frame grabbers.

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Frame Grabber-free solution
Example showing Gigabit Ethernet camera
interface, with additional functionality
Image sensor
Pre-processing
Digitizing
(Lens Iris Video)
Image Processing in PC
Lens
Power
Interface
Timing
PLC
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Frame Grabber-free solution

• Configuration tool for Cam2Net and GigE cameras.
• Can save camera setup in xml-files.
• Connecting to a GigE device

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Frame Grabber-free solution
Setting the image properties
Example
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Frame Grabber-free solution

• To provide plug-and-play functionality, GigE
  Vision compatible cameras must support GenICam.
• The initial implementation requires just having
  an XML file inside the camera.
• By accessing this XML file the host can identify
  the camera type, discover which functions are
  available (with their respective parameters) and
  subsequently configure the camera.
• This is done via the GenApi module
• Later GenICam will be expanded to also include
  functionality for controlling image grab and
  apending images with time-stamp and other
  artefacts.

Generic Interface for Cameras
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Possible system configurations
Many-to-one (Multiple cameras, one PC)
One-to-many (broadcast) (One or several cameras,
with several PCs)
Point-to-point (One camera, one PC)
10011000101000111000101001110010010001110110001100
1010001000
GigE Switch
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GigE cameras for Vision

• A number of manufacturers are already launching
  products based on the GigE camera interface, even
  before the standard has been ratified.
• JAI Camera Solutions (under the PULNiX brand)
• Tattile
• Prosilica
• SVS-Vistek
• Others following
• This is clear evidence of the fact, that the
  numerous advantages of the GigE interface have
  been recognized.
• Once the GigE Vision standard has been ratified,
  the number of camera manufacturers adopting the
  standard is expected to grow rapidly.
• GigE Vision will also make use of increased speed
  in future, by upgrading to 10 GigE.

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GigE cameras for Vision

• TM(C)-6740GE
• 640 x 480 pixels
• 1/3 format
• 200 frames / sec.
• TM(C)-4100GE
• 2048 x 2048 pixels
• 1.2 format
• 15 frames/sec.
• TM(C)-1405GE
• 1392 x 1040 pixels
• 1/2 format
• 30 frames/sec.
• TM(C)-1327GE
• 1392 x 1040 pixels
• 2/3 format
• 30 frames/sec.

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GigE cameras for Vision

• Compact housing

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Roadmap for future cameras

• JAI is basing the future product strategy on GigE
  Vision, as a generic serial interface providing
• Smaller cameras
• Higher performance
• Cost reduction
• Customers can expect to see a broad line-up of
  products featuring
• Resolution ranging from VGA to megapixel
• Monochrome and color
• Extensive pre-processing capability
• Higher interface speed (10 GigE)
• Ease of implementation
• Self describing cameras GenltigtCam

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Conclusions

• Digital serial camera interfaces are here to
  stay.
• IEEE 1394-IIDC has created a lot of interest and
  provides cost effective solutions for industrial
  vision.
• USB2 can be used in certain industrial
  applications, but with limitations in performance
  and cable length.
• GigE Vision is destined to become the serial
  cameras interface of choice in the future, thanks
  to
• 100 supported by the computer industry (software
  hardware)
• Longer cable lengths, 100 meters without
  hubs/switches.
• Higher bandwidth, with a roadmap for 10 Gigabit.
• Ease of installation, cables can be manufactured
  on site.
• Designed for the industry, by the industry,
  without any baggage from consumer related
  applications.

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Thank you for your attention!

• Further information in
• Hall 04 Stand 620
• or at
• www.jai.com

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