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Chemistry Chapter 1

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Chemistry Chapter 1 & 2 Introduction to Chemistry & Matter and Change Indicators of a chemical change (5) Color change Odor change Production of a gas or a solid ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chemistry Chapter 1


1
ChemistryChapter 1 2
  • Introduction to Chemistry Matter and Change

2
  • Chemistry study of matter and the changes it
    undergoes.

3
  • Organic chemistry chemistry of carbon
    compounds.

4
  • Inorganic chemistry chemistry of non-carbon
    compounds.

5
  • Physical chemistry defines chemical behavior
    mathematically.

6
  • Analytical chemistry identifying the
    composition of materials.

7
  • Biochemistry the chemistry in living organisms.

8
  • Mass the amount of matter in an object.
  • Matter anything that has mass and takes up
    space (not energy).

9
  • substance (pure) has a fixed composition unlike
    a mixture (i.e. element or compound)

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11
  • Physical property what a substance looks like.
    (color, size, shape)

12
  • Physical change change in physical appearance.
    (chop, cut, paint)

13
  • Change of state a physical change of a
    substance from one state to another. Requires the
    addition or removal of heat.
  • Changes of State

14
  • Solid matter with definite shape and volume.

15
  • Liquid matter with indefinite shape and
    definite volume.

16
  • Gas matter with indefinite shape and volume.

17
Molecule animation
18
  • Vapor gaseous form of a substance that is
    normally a liquid or solid at room temperature.

19
  • Plasma atoms lose their electrons at a high
    temperature.

20
  • Mixture a physical blend of two or more
    substances.

21
  • Heterogeneous mixture not uniform.

22
  • Homogeneous mixture uniform mixture

23
  • Solution a homogeneous mixture. (ex. Salt water
    or kool-aid)

24
  • phase part of a system with uniform composition
    and properties.
  • Ex. Oil and water are
  • in two phases
  • Ice water has two
  • phases

25
  • distillation physical method of separation
    involving boiling, then condensing vapor.

26
  • Atom smallest unit of an element.
  • Element a pure substance made of only one kind
    of atom.
  • Compound two or more elements that are
    chemically bonded.

27
Mixtures vs Pure Substance
28
  • Chemical symbol
  • represents an element
  • 1 3 letters
  • the first letter is capitalized
  • Ex. Fe, Si (not SI!!!)

29
  • Chemical property a substances ability to
    undergo changes that transform it into different
    substances.
  • Ex. Flammable, reacts with water, etc.

30
  • Chemical change (or chemical reaction) Change
    in which one or more substances are changed into
    new substances.

31
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  • Reactants substances that react in a chemical
    change. Go on the left of a chemical equation.
  • Products substances that are formed in a
    chemical change. Go on the right of a chemical
    equation.

33
  • Reactants ? Products
  • 2Na Cl2 ? 2NaCl
  • H2O ? H2 O2
  • 2Na 2H2O ? 2NaOH H2
  • 2K 2H2O ? 2KOH H2

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Indicators of a chemical change (5)
  • Color change
  • Odor change
  • Production of a gas or a solid (precipitate)
  • Energy change (heat, light, sound)
  • Usually irreversible

36
Law of conservation of mass
Mass is neither created nor destroyed Mass
reactants mass products 2Na Cl2
2NaCl (10g reactants) (10g products)
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