ARPAM: Ad-hoc Routing Protocol for Aeronautical Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

1
ARPAM Ad-hoc Routing Protocol for Aeronautical
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

• Michael Iordanakis, Dimitrios Yannis, Kimon
  Karras,
• Georgios Bogdos, Georgios Dilintas
• Technological Educational Institute of Piraeus
• Massimiliano Amirfeiz, Giorgio Colangelo,
  Stefano Baiotti
• Selex Communications

5th International Symposium Communication Systems
Networks and Digital Signal Processing (19-21
July 2006, University of Patras, Greece)
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Introduction

• IEEE 802.11
• Development of MANETs
• MANETs and avionics
• The present Restrictions in avionics
• Connectivity
• Bandwidth
• The future Free Flight concept
• Motivation benefits
• Requirements?

3
Network topology

• Airspace
• High altitude platforms (HAPs)
• Airports
• Aircraft
• Aircraft
• Single omni-directional antenna
• Several directional antennas / links

4
ARPAM

• Motivation for a new routing protocol
• Combination of table-driven on-demand
  operations
• Geographical information
• Solution ARPAM !
• Based on AODV and TBRPF
• Utilizes geolocalization information available by
  external avionics applications
• Parameter optimization based on the aeronautical
  environment

5
On Demand Operations

• When an aircraft wishes to communicate with
  another aircraft which cannot be served from a
  backbone node
• When simply there is a communication need between
  two aircraft.
• Eg node C ? node E

6
Table Driven Operations

• Time critical applications require low response
  times from the network.
• Table driven protocols provide a rapid response
  when a route is requested from a node and the
  route is maintained in the routing table.
• Eg. Node B ? node A ? HAP

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Route maintenance evaluation

• MAC layer of the nodes which make up a
  communication path (C-D-E) keeps reporting to the
  network layer for a specific amount of time that
  connection between nodes C and D is no longer
  available
• will cause C D to send a HELLO packet

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Route maintenance evaluation

• The originator waits to receive a HELLO-ack
  packet from the destination in order to mark the
  path as valid
• If, after a period of time, the node has not yet
  received any ACK packet, it will emit a HELLO
  message again

X
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Co-operation with existing avionics systems

• ADS-B
• Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast
  concept
• It is currently being deployed worldwide
• Assists the process of neighbor discovery on
  behalf of the routing protocol
• Information is utilized by the ARPAM routing
  protocol

10
Simulation - Testbed

• Topology
• 12 nodes
• 1000 X 1000
• km squared
• 400-800 km/h
• Application
• VoIP
• Client-Server

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Simulation - Results
Routing traffic transmitted by Server node
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Simulation - Results
Routing traffic received by Server node
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Conclusions

• ARPAM routing protocol correlation to the
  existing avionics technology
• Comparison to the antagonistic routing protocols
• ARPAM currently exhibits a very stable and high
  performance behavior for routing in aeronautical
  MANETs.

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Future work

• There is still room for improvement
• Our goal is to further develop ARPAM
• Extend the capabilities of the working model
• Extend its internal routing mechanisms for
  increased reliability on critical applications
  and additional stability
• Provide future simulations which will include
  more complex network topologies and scenarios
  closer to the future aviation environment.

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Questions
?