Kingdom Animalia

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Kingdom Animalia
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Carlos Linnaeus

• First to classify animals
• He only named 4,236
• The first edition of Systema Naturae was printed
  in the Netherlands in 1735
• Today more than a million!

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Make a list of characteristics that belong to the
animal kingdom

• Eukaryotic
• Heterotrophs
• Multicellular
• Specialized cells
• Sense organs
• No cell wall

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Animal Features

• Diploidy
• 2 copies of each chromosome
• Leads to genetic diversity

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Blastula Formation (except sponges)

• Zygote undergoes cell division and forms a ball
  of cells which produces primary tissue layers

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Tissue

• A group of cells that perform a common function
• Specialization
• Ex Muslce, adipose

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Multicellularity

• Which is related to an animals body plan
• Types of symmetry
• Asymmetry irregular ex sponges
• Radial Symmetry parts arranged in a celentral
  axis
• Bilateral symmetry
• District R and L halves
• Dorsal/ventral
• Anterior/Posterior
• Cephalization

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Heterotrophy

• Filter feeders or ferocious predators

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No cell wall
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Sexual Reproduction

• External
• Lg amount of gametes are produced, butWhat are
  the benefits?
• Internal
• Within females body
• What are the benefits?

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Types of Tissues

• Epithelial
• Neural
• Connective
• Muscle
• Cardiac
• Smooth
• Skeletal

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Cardiac Tissue
Skeletal muscle Tissue
Smooth muscle Tissue
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Phylum PoriferaPore Bearers
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Symmetry Asymetrical
Reproduction Asexual budding/fragmentation Sexual hermaphrodites
Evolutionary Milestone multicellularity
Circulatory System Diffusion
Unique Characteristic sessile regeneration
Importance Food chain Absorbent qualities
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CnidariaStinging Creatures
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  m

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Symmetry Radial
Reproduction Asexual budding Sexual hermaphrodites
Evolutionary Milestone Tissues (no organs)
Circulatory System Diffusion Gastrovascular cavity
Unique Characteristic Stinging cells cnidocytes Tentacles
Importance Edible Protect shorelines Habitat for others
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Coelom body cavityFluid filled space in
multicellular animals

• Coelomate animals true cavity with a complete
  lining called peritoneum derived from mesoderm
• Pseudocoelomate animals have a pseudocoel
• false cavity
• tissue derived from mesoderm only partly lines
  the fluid filled body cavity of these animals.
• All pseudocoelomates are protosomes
• Acoelomate animals, like flatworms, have no body
  cavity at all. Organs have direct contact with
  the epithelium.

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PlatyhelminthesFlat worms
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Symmetry Bilateral
Reproduction Asexual Sexual some are hermaphrodites
Evolutionary Milestone Cephalization bilateral symmetry
Circulatory System Diffusion
Unique Characteristic No body cavity (acoelms) Cephalization (no animals before group had head)
Importance Cause diseases (if wade in water larvae bore thru skin to blood vessels)
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NematodaRound Worms
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Symmetry Bilateral
Reproduction Sexual
Evolutionary Milestone Body cavity Pseudocoelm provides space for development of organs
Circulatory System Open fluids circulate within body cavity
Unique Characteristic Tube within a tube
Importance Cause diseases parasitic
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Circulatory System
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Mollusca
The Mollosks
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Symmetry Bilateral
Reproduction Most are distintive male and female Snails hermaphrodites
Evolutionary Milestone Coelm true body cavity
Circulatory System Open 3 chambered hearts Closed octopus and squid
Unique Characteristic True coelm Only phyla (group) of coelmates that is not segmented Radula
Importance Food chain edible pearls
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Toothlike scraping device
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AnnelidaSegmented Worms
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Symmetry Bilateral
Reproduction Hermaphrodites
Evolutionary Milestone Segmentation
Circulatory System Closed
Unique Characteristic Ganglion primitive brain Organ systems clitellum
Importance Medicinal purposes Fertilize soil and creates air spaces
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ArthropodaBUGS
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3 Classes of Arthropods

1. Crustaceans
2. Arachnids
3. Insects

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Symmetry Bilateral
Reproduction Parthenogenesis Metamorphosis
Evolutionary Milestone Jointed appendages
Circulatory System Closed
Unique Characteristic Jointed appendages Exoskeleton Wings Compound eyes
Importance Food Causes disease or transmits Food chain pollinators!
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Echinodermataspiny skinned
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Symmetry Larvae bilateral Adults radial
Reproduction Sex gonads
Evolutionary Milestone Deuterostome (Pattern of embryonic dev. Where anus forms _at_ the blastopore)
Circulatory System Closed
Unique Characteristic Endoskeleton Tube feeders No head or brain Regenerate arms
Importance Food chain