Tasks for today

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Tasks for todays lesson

• Check Exs. 6
• Chapter 7 Context and wording in Translation (II)

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Chapter 7

• Context and wording in Translation (II)

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Causes of mistakes in translation

• Mistakes in translation are of two types
  mistakes arising from the first stage are called
  misinterpretations and those from the second
  stage are known as misrepresentations.
• Misinterpretations failure to notice some
  factors of the relevant SLT context and wrong
  understanding of the SLT context. (??????????)
• Misrepresentations unduly expectation of the TLT
  reader and misuse of the TLT context.
  (??????????????,???????)
• Infelicity (reproduction-bound) inaptness of
  expression (????)

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7.1 Context as a Determiner of Wording

• Text creates its own context, and this accounts
  for prediction from text to context.
• One sentence may contain several situations and
  one situation may cover several sentences.
• We should pay attention to cultural specific
  terms and culture-loaded terms.
• We should consider Who translates what for whom?
  And how?

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7.2 Intra-lingual Context and Wording

• 7.2.1 Lexical context and wording
• 7.2.2 Sentential context and wording
• 7.2.3 Discourse context and wording

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Examples of lexical context and wording

• The most impressed of them said
• Are you really going to christen him, Tess?
• The girl s mother replied in a grave
  affirmative.
• ??1 ?????????????
• ??,???????????
• ?????????????????
• ??2 ????????????
• ??,???????????
• ??????????????????????

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Examples of lexical context and wording

• They were discussing this question, and were
  almost building up some weak structure of hope on
  his prolonged absence, when they heard him on the
  stairs.
• ??1 ?????????,???????????????????,??,???????????
  
• ??Chinese collocations with ??
• a. ???????,????,????
• v. ??????,????,????,????

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Examples of lexical context and wording

• They were discussing this question, and were
  almost building up some weak structure of hope on
  his prolonged absence, when they heard him on the
  stairs.
• ??2 ?????????,?????????,?????????,??,???????????
  ?

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Examples of lexical context and wording

• He knew what he wanted and he wanted only this
  to understand within his limits as a human being
  the nature of the universe and the logic and
  simplicity in its functioning.
• ??1 ?????????,?????????????????????????????????
  ???????
• ????????????????????????

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Examples of lexical context and wording

• He knew what he wanted and he wanted only this
  to understand within his limits as a human being
  the nature of the universe and the logic and
  simplicity in its functioning.
• ??2?????????,???????????????????????????,??????
  ???,????????????(?????????)

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Examples of lexical context and wording

• It was one of those rare December days when the
  sun was almost as warm as Indian summer. (Gone
  With the Wind)
• ??1 ???????,????,?????????????
• ??Indian summer is an idiom,which refers to the
  warm weather in late autumn and early winter. Its
  Chinese equivalent is ???.
• ??2 ?????????????,??????????????

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Examples of sentential context and wording

• Flashing weapons, blazing torches, smoking wagons
  of loads of wet straw, hard work at neighboring
  barricades in all directions, shrieks, volleys,
  execrations, bravery without stint, boom, smash
  and rattle, and the furious sounding of the
  living sea.
• ??1??????,??????,???????????,???????????,??,??,?
  ?,?????,???????????,????????????????
• ?? This sentence only consists of noun phrases.

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Examples of sentential context and wording

• Flashing weapons, blazing torches, smoking wagons
  of loads of wet straw, hard work at neighboring
  barricades in all directions, shrieks, volleys,
  execrations, bravery without stint, boom, smash
  and rattle, and the furious sounding of the
  living sea.
• ??2 ??????,??????,???????????,???????????,??,??,
  ??,?????,???????????,??????????????

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Translate the following sentence

• The need for engineers who can view the whole
  area of engineering wide and complicated as it
  is as a single field of operation of a few
  basic laws and methods has become increasingly
  felt.
• Consider 1. The main structure of the sentence,
  2. The main structure of the attributive clause
  3. How to place the put-in phrase ?
• ???????????????,??????????????????????????????,???
  ???????????,?????

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Examples of discourse context and wording

• I threw myself into the chaise that was to convey
  me away and indulged in the most melancholy
  reflections.
• ??1 ????????????,?????????????
• ??Referring parts of the discourse before and
  after this part, we can see that sentimental and
  romantic feelings are involved.
• ??2 ????????,????????????

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Examples of discourse context and wording

• Elizabeth was sad and desponding she no longer
  took delight in her ordinary occupations...
• ??1 ????????,????????????????????????
• ??topic daily affairs. ????????
• ??2 ????????,????,????????????????

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• Homework Exercise 7