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Exploring American History

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Exploring American History American History Unit VII The Beginning of Modern America Chapter 22 Section 1- The United States Gains Overseas Territories – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Exploring American History


1
Exploring American History
  • American History
  • Unit VII The Beginning of Modern America
  • Chapter 22 Section 1- The United States Gains
    Overseas Territories

2
The United States Gains Overseas Territories
  • The Big Idea
  • In the last half of the 1800s, the United States
    joined the race for control of overseas
    territories.
  • Main Ideas
  • The United States ended its policy of
    isolationism.
  • Hawaii became a U.S. territory in 1898.
  • The United States sought trade with Japan and
    China.

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Main Idea 1The United States ended its policy
of isolationism.
  • Powerful Western nations were building naval
    bases to protect shipping routes in the 1800s.
  • Was an aspect of imperialism building an empire
    by founding colonies or conquering other nations
  • Europeans extended colonial empires to control
    most of Africa and Southeast Asia during
    18701914.
  • European countries wanted sources of raw
    materials, new markets for manufactured goods,
    and increased national pride.
  • Meanwhile, the United States followed a limited
    policy of isolationism avoiding involvement in
    the affairs of other countries.

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Americas Policy Shifts
  • By the late 1800s, some Americans wanted to end
    isolationism in order to
  • Expand and keep the economy strong
  • Protect economic interests by building a strong
    navy with many overseas bases
  • United States began building an empire in late
    1800s
  • Purchased Alaska from Russia for 7.2 million in
    1867
  • Called Sewards Folly for Secretary of State
    William H. Seward, who negotiated the purchase of
    what critics called the Alaskan Icebox
  • Annexed Pacific Ocean territories
  • Midway Island in 1867
  • Samoa in 1899

7
Imperialist Activity
  • Imperialism Extending a nations power over
    other lands.
  • Causes of U.S. Expansionism
  • Economic- Desire for new markets and raw
    materials
  • Military- Desire for naval bases and coaling
    stations.
  • Ideological- desire to bring Christianity,
    western-style culture and democracy to other
    peoples.
  • Scramble for territory- 1800s
  • European powers- Africa, Asia and dominating the
    economy of Latin America
  • America believed it was its manifest destiny to
    expand westward to the Pacific Ocean, and now
    people sought lands even further west.

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End of Isolation
  • Identify- Which areas of the world did Europeans
    try to control between 1870-1914?
  • Recall- Name three forces that drove European
    imperialism.
  • Contrast- What is isolationism? What did the
    opponents of isolationism believe?

10
Main Idea 2Hawaii became a U.S. territory in
1898.
Americans owned most shops and shipyards in
Hawaii by 1840s.
Sugar became a leading export and the industry
prospered.
Planters forced the Hawaiian king to sign a new
constitution granting them more legislative power.
After Liliuokalani became queen and proposed a
new constitution, planters led a revolt and set
up their own revolutionary government supported
by the United States.
Congress annexed the Hawaiian Islands in 1898,
but it did not become the fiftieth state until
1959.
11
Influence in Hawaii
  • Early Contact
  • British in 1778
  • Chief Kamehameha- united eight islands and
    established a kingdom.
  • Americans arrive- traders and missionaries.
  • Foreigners brought diseases.
  • Sugar cane and power
  • Investors in the Sugar Cane industry began to
    increase their control and their profits.
    Sanford B. Dole.
  • King Kalakaua got a treaty in 1875 to allow
    Hawaiian sugar to enter U.S. tax free and make it
    the cheapest sugar.

Kamehameha designed a fleet of war canoes called
peleleu and were mounted with guns for his
conquest of the Hawaiian Islands.
12
Taking Control of Hawaii
  • Plotting against the king and the end of the
    monarchy
  • Hawaiian League- secret organization to overthrow
    the king and establish democracy- American
    business leaders, planters and traders.
  • Bayonet constitution- forced on King Kalakaua- he
    lost power, his people couldnt vote and Pearl
    Harbor went to the Americans.
  • Sugar treaty rejected
  • Queen Liliuokalani- planned to restore power of
    the monarchy.
  • 4 boatloads of U.S. Marines surround palace and
    Queen surrenders.
  • Sanford B. Dole, sugar tycoon, chosen as
    president and Hawaii declared to be under U.S.
    protection.
  • Annexation- Not all presidents were in favor of
    this. McKinley would vote for it . Hawaii
    become U.S. territory and finally state in 1959.

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16
Hawaii becomes a Territory
  • Explain- What happened in 1875 that helped the
    Hawaiian sugar industry grow?
  • Predict- What would native Hawaiians learn from
    the missionaries?

17
Main Idea 3The United States sought trade with
Japan and China.
  • The island nation of Japan was isolated from the
    rest of the world.
  • The United States wanted to open Japans markets
    before Europeans arrived.
  • Commodore Matthew Perry was sent on a mission to
    Japan to secure friendship and commerce in 1853
    and failed.
  • Perry returned to Japan in 1854 with a show of
    power and many gifts.
  • A commercial treaty was negotiated in 1858.
  • By the 1890s, Japan was itself an imperial power.

18
Influence in Japan
  • 1853- Commodore Matthew Perry sent to get trade
    treaty with Japan. Japanese awed by U.S. naval
    strength- Treaty of Kanagwa 1854.
  • Japanese modernization
  • Japan seized Taiwan in 1895.

19
Foreign Powers in China
  • Spheres of Influence
  • Japan defeated China in the Sino-Japanese War,
    189495.
  • Other countries wanted to set up spheres of
    influence, areas where they could control trade
    and natural resources, in China
  • Open Door Policy
  • U.S. Secretary of State John Hay set forth an
    Open Door Policy.
  • Policy stated that all nations should have equal
    access to trade in China.
  • Boxer Rebellion
  • China resented foreign control.
  • Nationalists attacked foreign settlements in
    Beijing in Boxer Rebellion in 1900.
  • Boxers were defeated, China paid a fine, and the
    Open Door policy remained.

20
Open Door Policy and Boxer Rebellion- 328 min.
21
U.S. Seeks Trade With Japan and China
  • Recall- Why did President Fillmore send
    Commodore Perry to Japan?
  • Identify Cause and Effect- Why had European
    powers not yet formed trade ties with Japan?
  • Evaluate What do you think about the actions of
    Commodore Perry toward the Japanese?

22
U.S. Seeks Trade With Japan and China
  • Recall- How was the United States 1899 Open
    Door Policy treated by the European powers and
    Japan?
  • Sequence- What series of events in 1868, 1895
    and 1905 led to Japan becoming a world power?
  • Evaluate If you were a Chinese nationalist,
    what would you think of being within the sphere
    of influence of so many other countries?

23
U.S. Seeks Trade With Japan and China
  • Recall- How long did the Boxers siege of the
    foreigners walled settlement last?
  • Evaluate What is your opinion about China being
    forced to make a 333 million payment to foreign
    governments after the Boxer rebellion?
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