ANGIOSPERMS (largest phylum in the plant kingdom)

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ANGIOSPERMS (largest phylum in the plant
kingdom)
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• Flowers allow for efficient pollination.
• wind
• animals feed on pollen or nectar
• pollen is spread from plant to plant in process

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• Fruit allows for efficient seed dispersal.

• Fruit is flowers ripened ovary
• Surrounds and protects seed(s)
• Inside the seed is a plant embryo and endosperm
  (food for the embryo)
• Many forms, but each function in seed dispersal

Fruit seeds in fox droppings
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Seed Types

• Based on the number of cotyledons, which is an
  embryonic seed leaf (this is like the first
  sprout from the seed)
• Way to classify plants

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• Monocots have a single seed leaf.
• leaf veins usually parallel
• flower parts usually in multiples of 3
• bundles of vascular tissue scattered in stem

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• Dicots have two seed leaves.

• leaf veins usually netlike
• flower parts usually in multiples of 4 or 5
• bundles of vascular tissue in rings in stem

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Monocots vs. Dicots
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Flowering plants are also categorized by stem
type and lifespan.

• Stem type can be woody or herbaceous.
• Wood is a fibrousmaterial made up ofdead cells.
• Wood has highconcentrations oflignin and
  cellulose.
• Woody stemsare stiff.

• Herbaceous plants do not produce wood.

Iris
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• There are three types of plant life spans.

• Annuals mature from seed, flower, and die in one
  year.

• Biennials take two years to compete life cycle.

• Perennials live more than two years.

Wheat
Foxglove
Big bluestem
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Flowers

• Reproductive structure of flowering plants
• Sepals
• outer ring of leaves
• protection
• Petals
• Inner ring of leaves
• Brightly colored to attract pollinators
• Open petals sepals reveal male and female
  structures

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Flowers

• Female Carpel
• Inner most part
• Ovary within the base (female gametophyte)
• Style long stalk
• Stigma sticky tip, collects pollen
• Male Stamen
• Surrounds carpel
• Filaments long stalks
• Anther produces pollen (male gametophyte)