Plant Morphology Michael G. Simpson

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Plant MorphologyMichael G. Simpson

• Plant Structure Terms
• Used for a specific structure/organ

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Plant Habit
Herb - plant with annual above-ground
parts Geophyte - perennial herb with
rootstock Vine - weak stemmed Liana - woody
vine Shrub - woody, multiple stems from
base Subshrub - woody just above ground Tree -
woody, one trunk
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Plant Habitat
Terrestrial Aquatic Emersed Floating Emergent E
piphytic Saxicolous
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Roots
Function - absorption, anchorage Structure -
rootcap, root hairs, endodermis Adventitious
roots - arise from non-root organ Lateral roots
- arise from another root (1, 2, etc.)
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Root Types/Parts
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Root Types/Parts
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Root Types/Parts
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Root Types/Parts
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Root Types/Parts
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Root Types/Parts
storage roots Raphanus sativus, radish
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Root Types/Parts
buttress roots Ficus rubiginosa, rusty-leaved fig
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Root Types/Parts
pneumatophores Avicennia germinans, black
mangrove
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Root Types/Parts
prop roots (also adventitious)
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Shoot
stem associated leaves
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem (Shoot) Types
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Stem Habit relative position of stem ( growth,
structure)
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Stem Branching Pattern
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Twig Structure
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Leaf Structural Type
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Leaf Structural Type
Phyllode - Acacia spp. (Fabaceae)
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Leaf Structural Type
Tendril - Lathyrus (Fabaceae)
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Leaf Structural Type
Stipular Spine - Euphorbia spp. (Euphorbiaceae)
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Leaf Structural Type
Petiolar Spine - Fouquieria splendens Ocotillo
(Fouquieriaceae)
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Leaf Structural Type
Leaf Spine (arising from areole) - Cactaceae
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Sharp things
thorn - sharp-pointed stem / shoot (arises from
axillary bud, often evidence of reduced leaves on
the thorn spine - sharp-pointed leaf or leaf
part leaf spine stipular spine petiolar
spine prickle - sharp pointed epidermal
appendage (not a thorn or spine)
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Leaf Structural Type
Pitcher Leaf - Nepenthes (Nepenthac.) Sarracenia
(Sarraceniac.)
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Leaf Structural Type
Tentacular Leaf - Drosera spp Sundew (Droseraceae)
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Leaf Structural Type
Trap Leaf - Dionaea muscipula Venus Fly Trap
(Droseraceae)
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Leaf Structural Type
Bud Scale
Bract (flower)
Epicalyx
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Type / Parts
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Leaf Venation
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Leaf Venation