CUTANEOUS SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS

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CUTANEOUS SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
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Cutaneous symptomsSubjective symptoms
Pruritusmoderate or severe,long or short time,
local or generalized Pain
infection(bacteria,virus??Zoster),
Sweets syn., Angioleiomyoma,
Dermatomyositis NumbnessLeprosy with
superficial sensory disturbance,
hypoesthesia in temperature,pain and
touch. Systematic symptoms
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SignsLeisions can be seen or palpable
primary lesions
DefinitionLeisions with diagnostic value
and produced by the pathological
changes of skin
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macule
1.
Circumscried changes in skin color Without
elevation and depression,lt1cm Classified as
inflammatous and noninflammatous macules,
petechia and abnormal pigmentation. patchmacule
s progress to greater leision
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macule
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Inflammatous erythema
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Noninflammatous erythema
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Hemorrhagic macule-- ecchymosis
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Depigmented macule
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Hyperpigmented patch
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Hypopigmented macule
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patch
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Patch and macule
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2. papule Circumscribed, Solid
elevation,diameter lt1cm maculopapulemild,flap-to
pped papule plaqueconfluence of papules
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papule
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papule
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plaque
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Plaque and Papule
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3. vesicles and bullae Circumscribed,
fluid-containing, epidermal elevated
lesion,gt0.5cm is bullae papulovesicleobvious
dermal cell edema in papule with topped little
vesicle
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Vesicle and Bullae
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vesicles
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bullae
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papulovesicle
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4. pustule Vesicle with purulent
material, often surrounded by a red
areola, Primary lesions or come from vesicles
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pustule
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5. wheal
Acute, circumscribed, edematous elevation in
superficial layer of dermis Ofen last several to
over ten Hours, then disappear without any
trace. Usually accompanied with intense itching

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wheal
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6. nodule
Circumscribed, solid lesion centered in dermis
or the subcutaneous fat Circular or oval,
Elevated or just palpable
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nodule
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nodule
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nodule
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cyst
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Cystic lesion with a wall located in dermis or
subcutus, containing fluid, dope or debris of
cells Elevated or just papable Circular or
oval, Palpation with resilience
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cyst
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cyst
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secondary lesion
defitionlesions follow primary
eruptions with scratching, therapy,
infection or the process of
recovery.
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1. scale
Laminated masses of keratinocytes
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scale
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scale
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2. crust
Dried serum, pus, blood, usually mixed with
epithelial and sometimes bacterial debris
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crust
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Blood crust
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Serum crust
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Pus crust
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3. Maceration and erosion
Maceration keratinocytes absorb more water for
skin in the moist circumstance, then skin becomes
soft, white and crinkled. Erosion Loss of all
or portions of the epidermis alone, may become
crusted,but it heals without a scar.
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maceration
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erosion
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erosion
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4. ulceration
Complete loss of the epidermis plus some portion
of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue
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ulcer
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ulcer
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5. excoriation
Linear abrasion produced by scratching, sometimes
covered with blood crust.
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excoriation
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6. fissure
Linear cleft through the dermis, Usually with
pain and bleeding.
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fissure
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fissure
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7. scar
New connective tissue replace lost substance in
ulcer Smooth without appendages and elasticity.
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scar
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scar
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8. atrophy
Degenerative changes of skin
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atrophy
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9. lichenification

• Circumscribed thickness and coarseness of skin,
• Striaes become deeper and wider,
• Lesion is crossed as rhombus or polygon

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lichenification
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lichenification
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attention

• 1.Basic lesions can evolve
• 2.Primary to secondary lesions
• 3. Primary and secondary lesions are not
  unchangeable.
• Such as pustules and pigmention