Unit: Chemical Reactions

1
Unit Chemical Reactions
Day 5 - Notes
Types of Chemical Reactions Single Replacement
2
After today you will be able to

• Identify a single replacement reaction
• Predict the products in words for single
  replacement reactions

heat
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3
Predicting Products

• Single Replacement An element and compound react
  to form a different element and compound
• Common form

Element Compound ? Element Compound A BC ?
AC B
heat
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4
Predicting Products

• These reactions do not always occur.
• You must use the activity series sheet
• Like will replace like metals always replace
  metals, etc.

heat
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5
Examples of single replacements
Activity Series of Metals (and Hydrogen)   Listed
in order of decreasing activity.   lithium potassi
um barium strontium calcium sodium cesium berylliu
m magnesium aluminum zinc chromium gallium iron co
balt nickel tin lead hydrogen copper mercury silve
r

• A metal in a compound is replaced by a more
  active metal
• lithium zinc acetate ?

?
Must use the activity series!
zinc lithium acetate
(Metal)
(Metal)
Lithium is more reactive than zinc.
heat
Pt
6
Examples of single replacements
Activity Series of Metals (and Hydrogen)   Listed
in order of decreasing activity.   lithium potassi
um barium strontium calcium sodium cesium berylliu
m magnesium aluminum zinc chromium gallium iron co
balt nickel tin lead hydrogen copper mercury silve
r

• copper aluminum sulfate ?

?
NO REACTION
(Metal)
(Metal)
Copper is lower on activity series and therefore
is less reactive than aluminum.
heat
Pt
7
Examples of single replacements
Activity Series of Metals (and Hydrogen)   Listed
in order of decreasing activity.   lithium potassi
um barium strontium calcium sodium cesium berylliu
m magnesium aluminum zinc chromium gallium iron co
balt nickel tin lead hydrogen copper mercury silve
r
?

• lead (II) carbonate barium?

barium lead carbonate
(Metal)
(Metal)
No Roman Numeral necessary!
heat
Pt
8
Examples of single replacements
Activity Series of Metals (and Hydrogen)   Listed
in order of decreasing activity.   lithium potassi
um barium strontium calcium sodium cesium berylliu
m magnesium aluminum zinc chromium gallium iron co
balt nickel tin lead hydrogen copper mercury silve
r

• (2) Hydrogen in water is replaced by a more
  active metal
• sodium water ?

hydrogen hydroxide
sodium hydroxide hydrogen
Tip Change water into hydrogen hydroxide.
heat
Pt
9
Examples of single replacements
Activity Series of Metals (and Hydrogen)   Listed
in order of decreasing activity.   lithium potassi
um barium strontium calcium sodium cesium berylliu
m magnesium aluminum zinc chromium gallium iron co
balt nickel tin lead hydrogen copper mercury silve
r

• (3) Hydrogen in acid is replaced by a more
  active metal
• calcium phosphoric acid ?

hydrogen phosphate
calcium hydrogen phosphate
Tip Change acid names into their ionic name.
heat
Pt
10
Examples of single replacements

• (4) A non-metal in a compound is replaced by a
  more active non- metal
• fluorine magnesium iodide ?

Activity Series of Non-Metals Listed in order
of decreasing activity. fluorine chlorine bromine
iodine
magnesium iodine fluoride
(Non-metal)
(Non-metal)
Tip Watch your endings! Make sure non-metals
replace non-metals!
heat
Pt