Concussions

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Nervous System Pathologies
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Hyperopia
Typically a genetic issue where the eye is too
short or cornea is too flat, so that images focus
at a point behind the retina. Farsighted
http//eyesareus.org/web/eyesareus.org/hyperopia_b
ig.gif
If you have normal 20/20 vision, you are
emmetropic (have emmetropia)
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Myopia
With myopia, the eyeball is too long, or the
cornea is too steep, so images are focused inside
the eye rather than on the retina. Nearsighted
http//eyesareus.org/web/eyesareus.org/myopia_big.
gif
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Cataract
Clouding of the lens leading to weakened vision
Cataracts develop from a variety of reasons,
including long-term exposure to ultraviolet
light, exposure to radiation, secondary effects
of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and
advanced age, or trauma.
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Astigmatism
Irregularly shaped cornea or lens leading to
blurred vision
www.bausch.com
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Glaucoma
www.steadyhealth.com
excess pressure in eye (humors cant drain)
vet-vision.com
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Strabismus
Eyes are not properly aligned with each other. It
typically involves a lack of coordination between
muscles. Strabismus can be either a disorder of
the brain coordinating the eyes or a disorder of
one or more muscles. Cross eyed
www.health.state.mn.us
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Otitis Media
Middle ear infection usually occurs early in
life due to horizontal Eustachian tubes.
Constant infections require putting tubes in to
allow ear to drain
www.medical-look.com
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Multiple Sclerosis

• An unpredictable disease of the central nervous
  system.
• Many investigators believe MS to be an autoimmune
  disease -- In the case of MS, it is the
  nerve-insulating myelin being destroyed

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Meningitis

• Inflammation of the meninges of the brain and
  spinal cord.
• Two formsbacterial and viral.
• Bacterial form is usually more deadly than viral
  form.

www.meningitis.org
www.webcolombia.com
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Huntingtons Disease
Hereditary, degenerative brain disorder. HD
slowly diminishes the affected individual's
ability to walk, think, talk and reason.
Eventually, the person with HD becomes totally
dependent upon others for his or her care.
Huntingtons is caused by a dominant gene
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Parkinson's Disease

• A disease that involves the loss of cells to a
  specific part of the brain (the section that
  creates dopamine). May be related to genetics
  and/or environmental causes.

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Hydrocephalus

• The excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid
  within the cranium

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Hydrocephalus

• Caused by a blocked ventricle Blockage
  resulting from meningitis, tumors, genetic,
  fluid filled cysts, and many unknown causes.

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The disorder is caused by faulty development of
or damage to motor areas in the brain that
disrupts the brain's ability to control movement
and posture.
Cerebral Palsy
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Anacephaly

• Condition is which child is born missing
  significant portions of brain/skull. Causes
  Still not known, possibly triggered by genetic
  and environmental factors.
• Statistics 450 births/year in the U.S.

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Spina Bifida

• Spina bifida is a birth defect that involves the
  incomplete development of the spinal cord or its
  coverings. The term spina bifida comes from Latin
  and literally means "split" or "open" spine.
• Spina bifida occurs at the end of the first month
  of pregnancy when the two sides of the embryo's
  spine fail to join together, leaving an open
  area. In some cases, the spinal cord or other
  membranes may push through this opening in the
  back. The condition usually is detected before a
  baby is born and treated right away.

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Spastic Paralysis
A chronic pathological condition in which the
muscles are affected by persistent spasms and
exaggerated tendon reflexes because of damage to
motor nerves of the central nervous system.
Causes The disease is hereditary and is
developed at birth.
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Polio

• Polio is a contagious viral illness. In its most
  severe form, polio causes paralysis, difficulty
  breathing and sometimes death. No treatment
  early prevention through vaccination
• There were 1876 reported cases of Polio in 2006
  most were in endemic-prone areas. Polio has been
  eradicated throughout most of the world

Sources http//www.polioeradication.org/,http//w
ww.wrongdiagnosis.com/p/polio/symptoms.htm
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Concussions

• An injury to the brain that results in temporary
  loss of normal brain function. It is usually
  caused by a blow to the head. It is the most
  common cause of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Many people assume that concussions involve a
loss of consciousness, but that is not true. In
most cases, a person with a concussion never
loses consciousness.
www.muhealth.org/neuromed/concussion.shtml
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Contusion
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The main cause of contusion is a direct blow to
any part of the body. Its when blood pools
around the injured area.
The main treatment is to control bleeding and
swelling by RICE (rest, ice, compression,
elevation
Contusions can be fatal but most are not.
However, many fatal contusions result from a
brain contusion.
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Cerebral Edema
Cerebral Edema can be caused by a number of
things, including blunt force, shaking, or an
exposure to high altitude, usually for a period
of time.
Cerebral Edema is the result of fluid buildup in
the brain causing swelling. As the brain swells,
neurons cannot function.
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Stroke (CVA)

• A stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks an
  artery or a blood vessel ruptures, interrupting
  blood flow to an area of the brain.  When either
  of these things happen, brain cells begin to die
  and brain damage occurs.
• Stroke is the third leading cause of death in
  America and the No. 1 cause of adult disability. 

80 of strokes are preventable you can prevent a
stroke!
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Alzheimer's Disease
A progressive and fatal brain disease. As many
as 5 million Americans are living with
Alzheimers disease. Alzheimer's destroys brain
cells, causing problems with memory, thinking and
behavior severe enough to affect work, lifelong
hobbies or social life. Alzheimers gets worse
over time, and it is fatal. Today it is the
sixth-leading cause of death in the United
States.